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2010 (4)

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Book
Intervention des acides gras polyinsaturés n-3 et n-6 dans le contrôle du syndrome métabolique
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2010 Publisher: Bruxelles: UCL,

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Our genes are the same as those of our Palaeolithic ancestors, but our nutritional environment has known important transformations with industrialization, particularly regarding the intake of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids. Indeed, our diet is “deficient” in omega-3 fatty acids with a ratio omega-6/omega-3 of 15-20:1 instead of 5:1 ratio as it is recommended. This important food change has become a potential promoter for the development of chronic diseases such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes... diseases grouped under the term: metabolic syndrome. For a better understanding of the impact of the lipids nutrients on this pathology, my report will speak about the main characteristics of the metabolic syndrome, about the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the role of the essentials nutrients in the control of the syndrome will also be presented. Knowledge from the scientific literature will enlighten about the foundations of the discovery of the potential interest of the polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3 in the control of the metabolic syndrome. And the hopes for solution, referring especially to food and supplementation, will be discussed Nos gènes sont identiques à ceux de nos ancêtres du Paléolithique, mais notre environnement nutritionnel a subi d’importantes mutations avec l’industrialisation, particulièrement en ce qui concerne l’apport en acides gras polyinsaturés essentiels. En effet, notre alimentation est «déficiente» en omégas-3 avec un ratio oméga-6/oméga-3 de 15-20 :1 au lieu d’un ratio recommandé aujourd’hui de 5 :1. Cet important changement alimentaire est devenu un promoteur potentiel pour le développement de maladies chroniques comme l’hypertension, l’obésité, le diabète..., pathologies regroupées sous le vocable: syndrome métabolique. Afin de mieux comprendre l’impact des nutriments lipidiques sur cette pathologie, mon mémoire portera sur les principales caractéristiques du syndrome métabolique, sur le métabolisme des acides gras polyinsaturés et le rôle de ces nutriments essentiels dans le contrôle du syndrome. Des données de la littérature scientifique apporteront une lumière sur les fondements de la découverte de l’intérêt potentiel des acides gras polyinsaturés n-3 dans le contrôle du syndrome métabolique et nous discuterons des pistes nouvelles de supplémentation (aliments fonctionnels ; compléments alimentaires).


Book
N-3 fats : nutritional needs, traditional and novel sources and microbial production strategies
Author:
ISBN: 1617282383 9781617282386 9781616686871 1616686871 Year: 2010 Publisher: Hauppauge, N.Y. : Nova Science Publishers,

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Book
Quelle classe de médicament privilégier pour le traitement de la dysménorrhée? : AINS ou contraceptif hormonal?
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 2010 Publisher: Bruxelles: UCL,

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I have chosen to explain the problem of the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea because it is a subject that often leads women to ask the chemist for advice. Dysmenorrhea is the medical term for pelvic pains arising a few days before the beginning of menstruations and persisting during the first days 0f the bleedings. These pains are the consequence of the excessive synthesis of prostaglandins during the fall of the progesterone rates at the end of the secretory period. After having considered ail the available treatments I arrived at the following algorithm of treatment: I would first suggest taking a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug such as ibuprofen a few days before the beginning of menstruations. This treatment should be continued until the symptoms have disappeared (maximum 400 mg 3 times a day). If after 3 or 4 cycles the patient still complains about the persistence of the symptoms, I would recommend her to consult a gynaecologist to discuss a treatment based on hormonal contraception. For refractory persons in the medicinal treatments, the taking of omegas-3 fatty acids also seems effective J’ai choisi d’expliquer la problématique de traitement de la dysménorrhée primaire car c’est un sujet pour lequel les femmes viennent souvent demander conseil à la pharmacie. La dysménorrhée est le terme médical désignant les douleurs pelviennes survenant quelques jours avant le début des règles et persistant les premiers jours des saignements. Ces douleurs sont la conséquence de la synthèse excessive de prostaglandines lors de la chute des taux de progestérone en fin de période sécrétoire. Après avoir détaillé toutes les possibilités de traitements disponibles, j’en suis arrivée à l’algorithme de traitement suivant: en première intention, proposer un anti-inflammatoire non stéroïdien tel que l’ibuprofène quelques jours avant le début des règles et continuer jusqu’à ce que les symptômes aient disparu (maximum 400 mg 3 fois par jour). Si après 3 ou 4 cycles la patiente se plaint de la persistance des symptômes, lui conseiller de consulter un gynécologue pour discuter de la contraception hormonale qui traite la dysménorrhée de manière différente. Pour les personnes réfractaires aux traitements médicamenteux, la prise d’acides gras de type omégas-3 semble aussi efficace.


Book
Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cancer
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9048135788 9786612924798 9048135796 1282924796 Year: 2010 Publisher: Dordrecht ; London : Springer,

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Dietary Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cancer provides all the latest information on the possible benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) against a wide series of cancers. Several influential scientists in this field have contributed to make this book an unique one amongst the others published so far in this field. The chapters give detailed information about the results obtained in this field through experimental studies conducted on both animals and cultured cells, as well as through human intervention trials and epidemiological observational studies. This book represents an important tool for researchers working in nutrition and oncology, since it collects all the knowledge about omega-3 PUFAs and cancer, even the most recent, in a single publication. For the first time controversies among the different studies are also covered with great details in this book. The book makes physicians able to clearly understand on a scientific basis if their oncologic patients or patients at risk of cancer could actually benefit from a diet enriched in omega-3 PUFAs or from a dietary supplementation with these fatty acids. The book represents also a good resource for ordinary individuals as well as cancer patients to learn more about omega-3 PUFAs and understand how these dietary components may effect cancer growth.

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