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Charities --- Middle class --- Social institutions

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Four years ago Research in Experimental Economics published experimental evidence on fundraising and charitable contributions. This volume returns to the intrigue with philanthropy. Employing a mixture of laboratory and field experiments as well as theoretical research we present this new volume, "Charity with Choice". New waves of experiments are taking advantage of well calibrated environments established by past efforts to add new features to experiments such as endogeneity and self-selection. Adventurous new research programs are popping up and some of them are captured here in this volume. Among the major themes in which the tools of choice, endogeneity, and self-selection are employed are 1) What increases or decreases charitable activity? and 2 ) How do organizational and managerial issues affect the performance of non-profit organizations?

Fund raising. --- Charities. --- Charitable uses, trusts, and foundations.

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This book provides a wide-ranging review of existing writing and research on rural social services and explores some of the distinctive features of rural contexts and rural problems.

Social service, Rural. --- Social service, Rural --- Charities, Rural --- Public welfare, Rural --- Rural charities --- Rural public welfare --- Rural social programs --- Rural social service --- Charities --- Public welfare --- Social service --- Social sciences. --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization

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Christmas shopping --- Financial literacy --- Internet fraud --- Charities --- Fund raising --- Consumer protection --- Prevention. --- Corrupt practices

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When the government gives a grant to a private charitable organization, do the donors to that organization give less? If they do, is it because the grants crowd out donors who feel they gave through taxes (classic crowd out), or is it because the grant crowds out the fund-raising of the charities who, after getting the grant, reduce efforts of fund-raising (fund-raising crowd out)? This is the first paper to separate these two effects. Using a panel of more than 8,000 charities, we find that crowding out is significant, at about 72 percent. We find this crowding out is due primarily to reduced fund-raising. Depending on which types of organizations are included in the analysis, crowding out attributable to classic crowd-out ranges from 30% to a slight crowd-in effect, while fund-raising crowd out ranges from 70% to over 100% of all crowd out. Such a finding could have important consequences for how governments structure grants to non-profits. Our results indicate, for example, that requirements that charities match a fraction of government grants with increases in private donations might be a feasible policy that could reduce the detrimental effects of crowding out.

Crowding out (Economics) --- Charities --- Fund raising. --- Government aid. --- Federal aid. --- Subsidies.