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Formation of transmembrane pores is a very effective way of killing cells. It is thus not surprising that many bacterial and eukaryotic toxic agents are pore-forming proteins. Pore formation in a target membrane is a complex process composed of several steps; proteins need to attach to the lipid membrane, possibly aggregate in the plane of the membrane and finally form a pore by inserting part of the polypeptide chain across the lipid bilayer. Structural information about toxins at each stage is indispensable for the biochemical and molecular biological studies that aim to understand how pores are formed at the molecular level. There are currently only two Staphylococcus aureus and hemolysin E from Escherichia coli. Therefore, what we know about these proteins was obtained over many years of intense experimentation. We have nevertheless, in the last couple of years, witnessed a significant rise in structural information on the soluble forms of pore-forming proteins. Surprisingly, many unexpected similarities with other proteins were noted, despite extremely low or insignificant sequence similarity. It appears that lipid membrane binding and formation of transmembrane channels is achieved in many cases by a limited repertoire of structures. This book describes how several of the important pore forming toxin families achieve membrane bi- ing and which structural elements are used for formation of transmembrane pores. Our contributors have thus provided the means for a comparative analysis of several unrelated families.
Membrane lipids. --- Membrane proteins. --- Membrane proteins --- Membrane lipids --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Biochemical Processes --- Cell Physiological Phenomena --- Metabolism --- Lipids --- Biological Transport --- Proteins --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Chemical Processes --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Phenomena and Processes --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Chemical Phenomena --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Peptides --- Membrane Lipids --- Membrane Proteins --- Physiology --- Protein Binding --- Cell Membrane Permeability --- Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Medicine. --- Molecular biology. --- Biomedicine. --- Biomedicine general. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Membranes (Biology) --- Health Workforce --- Biomedicine, general.
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Knowledge of cholesterol and its interaction with protein molecules is of fundamental importance in both animal and human biology. This book contains 22 chapters, dealing in depth with structural and functional aspects of the currently known and extremely diverse unrelated families of cholesterol-binding and cholesterol transport proteins. By drawing together this range of topics the Editor has attempted to correlate this broad field of study for the first time. Technical aspects are given considerable emphasis, particularly in relation cholesterol reporter molecules and to the isolation and study of membrane cholesterol- and sphingomyelin-rich "raft" domains. Cell biological, biochemical and clinical topics are included in this book, which serve to emphasize the acknowledged and important benefits to be gained from the study of cholesterol and cholesterol-binding proteins within the biomedical sciences and the involvement of cholesterol in several clinical disorders. It is hoped that by presenting this topic in this integrated manner that an appreciation of the fact that there is much more that needs to be taken into account, studied and understood than the widely discussed "bad and good cholesterol" associated, respectively, with the low- and high-density lipoproteins, LDL and HDL.
Carrier proteins. --- Cholesterol -- Metabolism. --- Cholesterol --- Carrier proteins --- Sterols --- Proteins --- Cholestenes --- Carrier Proteins --- Membrane Lipids --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Cholestanes --- Lipids --- Steroids --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Polycyclic Compounds --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Chemistry --- Biology --- Biology - General --- Animal Biochemistry --- Cytology --- Biochemistry --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Metabolism --- Cholesterol. --- Metabolism. --- Binding proteins --- Transport proteins --- Cholesterin --- Life sciences. --- Biochemistry. --- Proteins. --- Lipids. --- Apoptosis. --- Life Sciences. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Lipidology. --- Protein Science. --- Animal Biochemistry. --- Biological transport --- Protein binding --- Isopentenoids --- Low-cholesterol diet
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This book attempts to analyze the latest discoveries in sphingolipid biology and how the alteration of their metabolism leads to altered signaling events and to the development of pathobiological disorders, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, asthma, diabetes, inflammation and infectious diseases.
Cellular signal transduction. --- Sphingolipids --Physiological effect. --- Sphingolipids --- Cellular signal transduction --- Membrane Lipids --- Lipids --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biophysics --- Animal Biochemistry --- Physiological effect --- Physiological effect. --- Cellular information transduction --- Information transduction, Cellular --- Signal transduction, Cellular --- Life sciences. --- Human physiology. --- Molecular biology. --- Pharmacology. --- Life Sciences. --- Life Sciences, general. --- Human Physiology. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemicals --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Human biology --- Physiology --- Human body --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Bioenergetics --- Cellular control mechanisms --- Information theory in biology --- Sphingosine --- Toxicology. --- Medicine. --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Life sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Toxicology --- Health Workforce
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“Only once in a great while does a book come along that really does the job in addressing a major medical issue. When this happens, all can be joyful… Readers will find ALL their favorite dietary puzzlements dealt with… With consummate scholarship, clarity and brevity, Truswell sifts out the chaff and identifies the critical questions, the responsible investigators, and the key studies.” So says Emeritus Professor Henry Blackburn from the University of Minnesota in the foreword to this remarkable concise book on the history of research on diet and heart disease. This was a theme of scientific, medical and public interest in the 20th Century, a century marked by the rise and fall of coronary heart disease as the major cause of death in the first world, followed by the rise of this cause of death in the developing world. There is obviously much to learn, and this book is an excellent starting point, tracing dietary factors and their role in heart disease one by one: fats, sugar, salt, alcohol, coffee, trans-fats, etc. Without an understanding of the role of diet and the changes that have been seen in the North American and NW European diet, the story of the decline in the heart disease death rate may have been very different.
Cholesterol -- Physiological effect. --- Heart -- Diseases -- Prevention. --- Hypercholesteremia -- Prevention. --- Coronary heart disease --- Heart --- Cholesterol --- Myocardial Ischemia --- Dietary Fats --- Diet --- Cholesterol, Dietary --- Diet, Atherogenic --- Coronary Disease --- Fats --- Vascular Diseases --- Heart Diseases --- Investigative Techniques --- Sterols --- Lipids --- Cardiovascular Diseases --- Membrane Lipids --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Diseases --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Medicine --- Public Health --- Public Health - General --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Nutritional aspects --- Health aspects --- Coronary heart disease. --- Cholesterol. --- Cholesterin --- Coronary arteries --- Coronary arteriosclerosis --- Coronary disease --- Coronary thrombosis --- Ischemic heart disease --- Myocardial ischemia --- Medicine. --- Nutrition. --- Public health. --- Cardiology. --- Lipids. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Public Health. --- History of Medicine. --- Lipidology. --- History. --- Isopentenoids --- Low-cholesterol diet --- Type A behavior --- Lipides --- Lipins --- Lipoids --- Biomolecules --- Steroids --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Alimentation --- Food --- Nutrition --- Health --- Physiology --- Dietetics --- Digestion --- Food habits --- Malnutrition --- Internal medicine --- Health Workforce --- Nutrition . --- Medicine—History. --- Community health --- Health services --- Hygiene, Public --- Hygiene, Social --- Public health services --- Public hygiene --- Social hygiene --- Human services --- Biosecurity --- Health literacy --- Medicine, Preventive --- National health services --- Sanitation
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