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Arguably the most influential nineteenth-century scientist for twentieth-century physics, James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) demonstrated that electricity, magnetism and light are all manifestations of the same phenomenon: the electromagnetic field. A fellow of Trinity College Cambridge, Maxwell became, in 1871, the first Cavendish Professor of Physics at Cambridge. His famous equations - a set of four partial differential equations that relate the electric and magnetic fields to their sources, charge density and current density - first appeared in fully developed form in his 1873 Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism. This two-volume textbook brought together all the experimental and theoretical advances in the field of electricity and magnetism known at the time, and provided a methodical and graduated introduction to electromagnetism. Volume 1 covers the first elements of Maxwell's electromagnetic theory: electrostatics, and electrokinematics, including detailed analyses of electrolysis, conduction in three dimensions, and conduction through heterogeneous media.

Electricity. --- Magnetism.

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Magnetische Kräfte werden wahrgenommen mit Hilfe von Kompassen, die Orientierung in Raum, Zeit und in der Psyche bieten. Diese Orientierung erfährt radikale Veränderungen in Wechselwirkung mit der Verfeinerung der Instrumente und der Phänomene, die sie ermitteln. In elf Kapiteln erzählt dieses Buch die Geschichte des Magnetismus mit dem Fokus auf seiner Medialität.

Magnetism --- Compass --- Orientation --- History.

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Sciences and engineering --- physical sciences --- pure sciences --- physics --- electricity and magnetism --- condensed matter --- applied sciences --- engineering --- materials science --- electricity and magnetism. --- condensed matter. --- materials science. --- Physical sciences --- Pure sciences --- Physics --- Electricity and magnetism. --- Condensed matter. --- Applied sciences --- Engineering --- Materials science.

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Physics --- Electricity --- Magnetism --- Waves --- Physique --- Electricité --- Magnétisme --- Ondes --- Textbooks --- Manuels --- Manuels scolaires --- Electricité --- Magnétisme --- Textbooks.

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The subject around which the contributions in this volume gravitate is the creation of a higher institute of engineering studies in Florence in the late nineteenth-century. On the eve of the unification of Italy, Florence was a promising centre for a Polytechnic, in view of the experience of the Corpo di Ingegneri di Acque e Strade, the precocious railway building, the importance of the mining sector and the solidity of the Istituto Tecnico Toscano. Despite this, unlike what took place in Milan and in Turin, the Istituto Tecnico Toscano was not transformed into a Polytechnic for the training of engineers. The reasons for this non-development can be traced to the lack of "industrialist" propensities in the managerial group that emerged victorious from the "peaceful revolution" of 1859, to a desire for independence from the national academic system built on the Casati law, and to a local demand for engineering skills that was less dynamic than expected. Consequently, the prevailing winds were those of "normalisation" blowing from the government, the universities and the most prestigious Colleges of Engineers. Nevertheless, Florence continued to represent an important technological centre, especially in relation to railway infrastructures, public works, and the mechanical engineering industries (for example Pignone and Galileo). In the end it was not until one hundred years after unification that the city finally became the seat of a Faculty of Engineering.

General & world history --- History: specific events & topics --- Electricity, electromagnetism & magnetism --- Electronics engineering --- Communications engineering / telecommunications