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Ontology was once understood to be the philosophical inquiry into the structure of reality: the analysis and categorization of ‘what there is’. Recently, however, a field called ‘ontology’ has become part of the rapidly growing research industry in information technology. The two fields have more in common than just their name. Theory and Applications of Ontology is a two-volume anthology that aims to further an informed discussion about the relationship between ontology in philosophy and ontology in information technology. It fills an important lacuna in cutting-edge research on ontology in both fields, supplying stage-setting overview articles on history and method, presenting directions of current research in either field, and highlighting areas of productive interdisciplinary contact. Theory and Applications of Ontology: Philosophical Perspectives presents ontology in philosophy in ways that computer scientists are not likely to find elsewhere. The volume offers an overview of current research traditions in ontology, contrasting analytical, phenomenological, and hermeneutic approaches. It introduces the reader to current philosophical research on those categories of everyday and scientific reasoning that are most relevant to present and future research in information technology.

Ontology. --- Ontology --- Philosophy --- Philosophy & Religion --- Speculative Philosophy --- Methodology. --- Being --- Methodology --- Philosophy. --- Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet). --- Metaphysics --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- Substance (Philosophy) --- Research --- Application software. --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software

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The abundance of information and increase in computing power currently enable researchers to tackle highly complicated and challenging computational problems. Solutions to such problems are now feasible using advances and innovations from the area of Artificial Intelligence. The general focus of the AIAI conference is to provide insights on how Artificial Intelligence may be applied in real-world situations and serve the study, analysis and modeling of theoretical and practical issues. This volume contains papers selected for presentation at the 6th IFIP Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations (AIAI 2010) and held in Larnaca, Cyprus, during October 6-7, 2010. IFIP AIAI 2010 was co-organized by the University of Cyprus and the Cyprus University of Technology and was sponsored by the Cyprus University of Technology, Frederick University and the Cyprus Tourism Organization. AIAI 2010 is the official conference of the WG12.5 Artificial Intel- gence Applications  working group of IFIP TC12, the International Federation for Information Processing Technical Committee on Artificial Intelligence (AI). AIAI is a conference that grows in significance every year attracting researchers from different countries around the globe. It maintains high quality, standards and welcomes research papers describing technical advances and engineering and ind- trial applications of intelligent systems. AIAI 2010 was not confined to introducing how AI may be applied in real-life situations, but also included innovative methods, techniques, tools and ideas of AI expressed at the algorithmic or systemic level.

Computer Science. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet). --- Information Storage and Retrieval. --- Database Management. --- Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. --- Computation by Abstract Devices. --- Computer science. --- Database management. --- Data mining. --- Information storage and retrieval systems. --- Information systems. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Informatique --- Bases de données --- Exploration de données (Informatique) --- Systèmes d'information --- Intelligence artificielle --- Gestion --- Artificial intelligence --- Research --- Information storage and retrieval systems

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Ontology was once understood to be the philosophical inquiry into the structure of reality: the analysis and categorization of ‘what there is’. Recently, however, a field called ‘ontology’ has become part of the rapidly growing research industry in information technology. The two fields have more in common than just their name. Theory and Applications of Ontology is a two-volume anthology that aims to further an informed discussion about the relationship between ontology in philosophy and ontology in information technology. It fills an important lacuna in cutting-edge research on ontology in both fields, supplying stage-setting overview articles on history and method, presenting directions of current research in either field, and highlighting areas of productive interdisciplinary contact. Theory and Applications of Ontology: Computer Applications presents ontology in ways that philosophers are not likely to find elsewhere. The volume offers an overview of current research in ontology, distinguishing basic conceptual issues, domain applications, general frameworks, and mathematical formalisms. It introduces the reader to current research on frameworks and applications in information technology in ways that are sure to invite reflection and constructive responses from ontologists in philosophy.

Conceptual structures (Information theory). --- Expert systems (Computer science). --- Knowledge representation (Information theory). --- Ontology. --- Philosophy --- Philosophy & Religion --- Speculative Philosophy --- Methodology. --- Being --- Methodology --- Philosophy. --- Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet). --- Metaphysics --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- Substance (Philosophy) --- Research --- Application software. --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software

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This volume contains the papers selected for presentation at the 12th European Conference on Logics in Arti?cial Intelligence, JELIA 2010, which was held in Helsinki, Finland, during September 13-15, 2010. Logics provide a formal basis and key descriptive notation for the study and development of applications and systems in arti?cial intelligence (AI). With the depth and maturity of formalisms, methodologies, and systems today, such l- ics are increasingly important. The European Conference on Logics in Arti?cial Intelligence (or Journ´ ees Europ´ eennes sur la Logique en Intelligence Arti?cielle JELIA) began back in 1988, as a workshop, in response to the need for a European forum for the discussion of emerging work in this ?eld. Since then, JELIA has been organized biennially, with English as the o?cial language, and with proceedings published in Springer's Lecture Notes in Arti?cial Intelligence series.In2010theconferencewasorganizedfor the?rsttime inScandinavia,f- lowing previous meetings mainly taking place in Central and Southern Europe. The increasing interest in this forum, its international level with growing p- ticipation by researchersworldwide, and the overalltechnical quality has turned JELIA into a major biennial forum for the discussion of logic-based AI.

Computer Science. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages. --- Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet). --- Software Engineering. --- Logics and Meanings of Programs. --- Symbolic and Algebraic Manipulation. --- Computer science. --- Software engineering. --- Logic design. --- Algebra --- Information systems. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Informatique --- Génie logiciel --- Structure logique --- Algèbre --- Intelligence artificielle --- Data processing. --- 681.3*I20 --- Artificial intelligence (AI) in general; cognitive simulation; philosophical foundations --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Systèmes d'information --- 681.3*I20 Artificial intelligence (AI) in general; cognitive simulation; philosophical foundations --- Artificial intelligence --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical

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Ethical dilemmas have risen in number and intensity with the increasing dependence of contemporary society on computers and computer networks. Despite the proliferation of expert remedies, viable solutions to computer security issues remain too elusive, and society continues to suffer at the hands of cyber criminals, vandals, and hackers. This thoroughly revised and expanded fourth edition of the successful Ethical and Social Issues in the Information Age provides an up-to-date examination of the ethical, social, and policy challenges stemming from the emergence of cyberspace, the convergence of telecommunication and computing technologies, and the miniaturization of computing, telecommunication, and information-enabling devices. This accessible textbook/reference broadly surveys thought-provoking questions about the impact of these new technologies, with particular emphasis on the rapid growth of a multitude of computer networks, including the Internet. It assumes only a very modest familiarity with basic computer literacy. Topics and features: • Describes how changes in information technology influence morality and the law • Establishes a philosophical framework and analytical tools for discussing moral theories and problems in ethical relativism (NEW) • Offers a pertinent discussion on privacy, surveillance, civil liberties, harassment, and discrimination • Supplies an overview of the history of computing science in hardware, software, and networking (NEW) • Examines how developments in information technology have changed the traditional issues of intellectual property rights • Surveys the evolution of computer crimes, their types, costs on society, and strategies of detection and prevention, as well as techniques in electronic crime investigation • Discusses the new frontiers of ethics: virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and the Internet • Reviews the new realities of computer networks, and their implications for global ethics, culture, and economics (NEW) • Introduces the fundamentals of network-security system design and operation, revealing vulnerable areas in computer network infrastructure • Explores biometric techniques to system access control • Incorporates recent requirements for computer curricula • Provides exercises, objectives, and issues for discussion with every chapter This comprehensive text/reference provides updated discussion of the ethical and social issues that continue to evolve as computing and information technologies proliferate. Students at all levels who need to learn about computer ethics, the legal aspects of computing, network security, computer crime investigation, and biometrics will find this well-documented work an invaluable resource. The book is also highly useful for practitioners needing such insights for their work.

Computers -- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Computers and civilization. --- Information technology -- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Information technology -- Social aspects. --- Information technology --- Computers --- Computers and civilization --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Computer Science --- Information Technology --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Social aspects --- Information society. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Social aspects. --- Civilization and computers --- Information ethics --- Social sciences. --- Philosophy. --- Data encryption (Computer science). --- Computer engineering. --- Social Sciences. --- Social Sciences, general. --- Computer Engineering. --- Philosophy, general. --- Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet). --- Data Encryption. --- Computers and Society. --- Civilization --- Sociology --- Information superhighway --- Computer science. --- Data encryption (Computer science) --- Technology --- Sociological aspects. --- Sociology of technology --- Data encoding (Computer science) --- Encryption of data (Computer science) --- Computer security --- Cryptography --- Informatics --- Science