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"Fundamental arithmetic operations support virtually all of the engineering, scientific, and financial computations required for practical applications, from cryptography, to financial planning, to rocket science. This comprehensive reference provides researchers with the thorough understanding of number representations that is a necessary foundation for designing efficient arithmetic algorithms. Using the elementary foundations of radix number systems as a basis for arithmetic, the authors develop and compare alternative algorithms for the fundamental operations of addition, multiplication, division, and square root with precisely defined roundings. Various finite precision number systems are investigated, with the focus on comparative analysis of practically efficient algorithms for closed arithmetic operations over these systems. Each chapter begins with an introduction to its contents and ends with bibliographic notes and an extensive bibliography. The book may also be used for graduate teaching: problems and exercises are scattered throughout the text and a solutions manual is available for instructors"--Provided by publisher.

Arithmetic --- Foundations --- Foundations of arithmetic --- Mathematics --- Foundations. --- Philosophy --- Arithmetic - Foundations

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Foundations. --- Soil stabilization. --- Vibratory compacting.

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Geotechnical engineering. --- Soil mechanics. --- Foundations. --- Earthwork.

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Proceedings of sessions of GeoShanghai 2010, held in Shanghai, China, June 3-5, 2010. Hosted by Tongji University, China; Shanghai Society of Civil Engineering, China; Chinese Institution of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, China. In cooperation with Alaska University Transportation Center, USA; Geo-Institute of ASCE, USA; Deep Foundation Institute, USA; East China Architectural Design and Research Institute Company, China; Georgia Institute of Technology, USA; Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan; Transportation Research Board, USA; University of Newcastle, Australia; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA; University of Kansas, USA; University of Tennessee, USA; Vienna University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Austria. This Geotechnical Special Publication contains 49 papers examining the areas of deep foundations and in situ geotechnical testing and monitoring techniques. This proceedings offers the latest and most current thinking on topics such as piled raft system and soil-structure interaction; deep foundations; innovative foundations; and in situ testing.

Soil mechanics --- Soils --- Deformations (Mechanics) --- Field tests --- Deep foundations --- Geotechnical engineering --- Colleges and universities --- Engineering mechanics --- Foundation design --- Pile foundations --- Raft foundations --- Testing

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Four years ago Research in Experimental Economics published experimental evidence on fundraising and charitable contributions. This volume returns to the intrigue with philanthropy. Employing a mixture of laboratory and field experiments as well as theoretical research we present this new volume, "Charity with Choice". New waves of experiments are taking advantage of well calibrated environments established by past efforts to add new features to experiments such as endogeneity and self-selection. Adventurous new research programs are popping up and some of them are captured here in this volume. Among the major themes in which the tools of choice, endogeneity, and self-selection are employed are 1) What increases or decreases charitable activity? and 2 ) How do organizational and managerial issues affect the performance of non-profit organizations?

Fund raising. --- Charities. --- Charitable uses, trusts, and foundations.