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The present book aims at describing the phenomenon of superconductivity and high-temperature superconductors discovered by Bednorz and Muller in 1986. The book covers the superconductivity phenomenon, structure of high-Tc superconductors, critical currents, synthesis routes for high Tc materials, superconductivity in cuprates, the proximity effect and SQUIDs, theories of superconductivity and applications of superconductors.

Ceramic materials -- Electrical properties -- Congresses. --- High temperature superconductivity -- Congresses. --- High temperature superconductivity. --- High temperature superconductors. --- High temperature superconductors --- Physics --- Electricity & Magnetism --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Superconductors. --- Superconducting materials --- Superconductive devices --- Cryoelectronics --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Materials at low temperatures --- Superconductors --- Materials

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Thermodynamics is a well-established discipline of physics for properties of matter in thermal equilibrium surroundings. Applying to crystals, however, the laws encounter undefined properties of crystal lattices, which therefore need to be determined for a clear and well-defined description of crystalline states. Thermodynamics of Crystalline States explores the roles played by order variables and dynamic lattices in crystals in a wholly new way. This book is divided into three parts. The book begins by clarifying basic concepts for stable crystals. Next, binary phase transitions are discussed to study collective motion of order variables, as described mostly as classical phenomena. In the third part, the multi-electron system is discussed theoretically, as a quantum-mechanical example, for the superconducting state in metallic crystals. Throughout the book, the role played by the lattice is emphasized and examined in-depth. Thermodynamics of Crystalline States is an introductory treatise and textbook on mesoscopic phenomena in solid states, constituting a basic subject in condensed matter physics. While this book serves as an invaluable guide for advanced students in physics and engineering, it can also be useful as a reference for all professionals in related fields. Minoru Fujimoto is author of Physics of Classical Electromagnetism (Springer, 2007) and The Physics of Structural Phase Transitions (Springer, 2005).

Crystal lattices. --- Thermodynamics. --- Crystal lattices --- Thermodynamics --- Physics --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Materials Science --- Crystals --- Lattices --- Physics. --- Physical chemistry. --- Solid state physics. --- Crystallography. --- Superconductivity. --- Superconductors. --- Solid State Physics. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Strongly Correlated Systems, Superconductivity. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Heat --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Crystallography, Mathematical --- Lattice theory --- Twinning (Crystallography) --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Crystallography and Scattering Methods. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Leptology --- Physical sciences --- Mineralogy --- Superconducting materials --- Superconductive devices --- Cryoelectronics --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Electric conductivity --- Critical currents --- Superfluidity --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry --- Solids --- Materials

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The problem of conventional, low-temperature superconductivity has been regarded as solved since the seminal work of Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer (BCS) more than 50 years ago. However, the theory does not allow accurate predictions of some of the most fundamental properties of a superconductor, including the superconducting energy gap on the Fermi surface. This thesis describes the development and scientific implementation of a new experimental method that puts this old problem into an entirely new light. The nominee has made major contributions to the development and implementation of a new experimental method that enhances the resolution of spectroscopic experiments on dispersive lattice-vibrational excitations (the "glue" responsible for Cooper pairing of electrons in conventional superconductors) by more than two orders of magnitude. Using this method,he has discovered an unexpected relationship between the superconducting energy gap and the geometry of the Fermi surface in the normal state, both of which leave subtle imprints in the lattice vibrations that could not be resolved by conventional spectroscopic methods. He has confirmed this relationship on two elemental superconductors and on a series of metallic alloys. This indicates that a mechanism qualitatively beyond the standard BCS theory determines the magnitude and anisotropy of the superconducting gap.

Superconductors. --- Electron-phonon interactions. --- Interactions, Electron-phonon --- Physics. --- Superconductivity. --- Low temperature physics. --- Low temperatures. --- Spectroscopy. --- Microscopy. --- Strongly Correlated Systems, Superconductivity. --- Low Temperature Physics. --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy. --- Superconducting materials --- Superconductive devices --- Cryoelectronics --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Materials --- Electromagnetic interactions --- Analysis, Microscopic --- Light microscopy --- Micrographic analysis --- Microscope and microscopy --- Microscopic analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Optics --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectrometry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Cryogenics --- Low temperature physics --- Temperatures, Low --- Temperature --- Cold --- Electric conductivity --- Critical currents --- Superfluidity --- Qualitative --- Analytical chemistry

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During the past decade, the mathematics of superconductivity has been the subject of intense activity. This book examines in detail the nonlinear Ginzburg–Landau functional, the model most commonly used in the study of superconductivity. Specifically covered are cases in the presence of a strong magnetic field and with a sufficiently large Ginzburg–Landau parameter kappa. Key topics and features of the work: * Provides a concrete introduction to techniques in spectral theory and partial differential equations * Offers a complete analysis of the two-dimensional Ginzburg–Landau functional with large kappa in the presence of a magnetic field * Treats the three-dimensional case thoroughly * Includes open problems Spectral Methods in Surface Superconductivity is intended for students and researchers with a graduate-level understanding of functional analysis, spectral theory, and the analysis of partial differential equations. The book also includes an overview of all nonstandard material as well as important semi-classical techniques in spectral theory that are involved in the nonlinear study of superconductivity.

Differential equations, Partial. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Spectral theory (Mathematics). --- Superconductivity --- Spectral theory (Mathematics) --- Differential equations, Partial --- Physics --- Mathematics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Calculus --- Electricity & Magnetism --- Partial differential equations --- Mathematics. --- Mathematical analysis. --- Analysis (Mathematics). --- Functional analysis. --- Partial differential equations. --- Special functions. --- Superconductivity. --- Superconductors. --- Electronics. --- Microelectronics. --- Analysis. --- Functional Analysis. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Strongly Correlated Systems, Superconductivity. --- Partial Differential Equations. --- Special Functions. --- Functional analysis --- Hilbert space --- Measure theory --- Transformations (Mathematics) --- Global analysis (Mathematics). --- Differential equations, partial. --- Functions, special. --- Special functions --- Mathematical analysis --- Electrical engineering --- Physical sciences --- Functional calculus --- Calculus of variations --- Functional equations --- Integral equations --- Analysis, Global (Mathematics) --- Differential topology --- Functions of complex variables --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Electric conductivity --- Critical currents --- Superfluidity --- Superconducting materials --- Superconductive devices --- Cryoelectronics --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Microtechnology --- Semiconductors --- Miniature electronic equipment --- 517.1 Mathematical analysis --- Materials