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Pennsylvania contained the largest concentration of early America’s abolitionist leaders and organizations, making it a necessary and illustrative stage from which to understand how national conversations about the place of free blacks in early America originated and evolved, and, importantly, the role that colonization—supporting the emigration of free and emancipated blacks to Africa—played in national and international antislavery movements. Beverly C. Tomek’s meticulous exploration of the archives of the American Colonization Society, Pennsylvania’s abolitionist societies, and colonizationist leaders (both black and white) enables her to boldly and innovatively demonstrate that, in Philadelphia at least, the American Colonization Society often worked closely with other antislavery groups to further the goals of the abolitionist movement. In Colonization and Its Discontents, Tomek brings a much-needed examination of the complexity of the colonization movement by describing in depth the difference between those who supported colonization for political and social reasons and those who supported it for religious and humanitarian reasons. Finally, she puts the black perspective on emigration into the broader picture instead of treating black nationalism as an isolated phenomenon and examines its role in influencing the black abolitionist agenda.

Free African Americans --- Slaves --- Antislavery movements --- Free Afro-Americans --- Free blacks --- African Americans --- Enslaved persons --- Persons --- Slavery --- Abolitionism --- Anti-slavery movements --- Human rights movements --- History. --- Emancipation --- History --- Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society --- Pennsylvania Colonization Society --- Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery --- State Anti-Slavery Society (Pa.) --- Pennsylvania State Anti-Slavery Society --- Pennsylvanischer Anti-Sclaverei-Gesellschaft --- Pennsylvania Abolition Society --- Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery and the Relief of Free Negroes, Unlawfully held in Bondage --- Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery, the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage, and for Improving the Condition of the African Race --- Society for the Relief of Free Negroes, Unlawfully Held in Bondage --- Free Black people --- Pennsylvanische Anti-Sclaverei-Gesellschaft