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The liver is a central organ in the organism. Therefore it plays a crucial role in the various metabolic functions of the body but it is also a privileged target for various attacks, being viral, bacterial or immunological ones. A lot of pathologies with consequences that can have impacts in the whole organism may reach the liver and alter its physiological functions.
Nowadays, only one treatment remains efficient, the hepaticas’ transplantation. This means replacing completely or partially the infected liver by a healthy one.
However two mains issues come across the success of this technique.
The first issue is the lack of organs available. The patients will need to wait for several months before they can have an intervention, seeing in most of the cases their general state deteriorating. The second issues reducing the total success of the technique is the risk that the donors are taking.
Indeed, if we put ourselves in their perspective, the transplantation does not support the job of doctor because of those tissues.
It look therefore important to develop a new approach which insure the access to the treatment to all people and on due time, while at the same time minimizing the risks for the patient.
Indeed the time between the diagnosis and the treatment is an important element in the success of the therapy. This is how regenerative medicine has appeared. It is based on the use of stem cells as a mean to rebuild a damaged organ. Those cells enable auto-renewal and differentiation under various factors and they could be transformed in hepatocytes in order to be transplanted in the patient and would regenerate the infected liver.
Although this technique offers a new perspective in the treatment of hepatica infections, it raises some questions. Among them, we find the question on how to administrate the cells but also the mechanism by wich the cells get implanted in the human body to regenerate the organ. Ethical questions are also being raised specially on the use of stem embryonic cells.
for all those reasons the regenerating medicine can not be used on a large scale on humans. However when all those questions will be answer, the cell therapy would offer a great hope for numerous patients waiting for a transplantation Le foie est un organe central dans l’organisme. De par cette situation, il joue un rôle crucial dans les diverses fonctions métaboliques de l’organisme mais il constitue également une cible privilégiée pour différentes attaques que ce soit virales, bactériennes ou immunologiques. De nombreuses pathologies dont les conséquences se feront ressentir dans tout l’organisme peuvent donc atteindre le foie et altérer ses fonctions physiologiques. A l’heure actuelle, un seul traitement reste efficace à savoir la transplantation hépatique. Cela consiste à remplacer totalement ou en partie le foie atteint par un foie sain. Cependant, deux raisons principales viennent entraver le succès de la technique. La première raison est le manque d’organe disponible. Les patients devront donc attendre plusieurs mois avant de pouvoir subir l’intervention en voyant dans la plupart des cas leur état général se dégrader. La seconde raison limitant le succès total de la technique est le risque que l’on fait prendre aux donneurs. En effet, si l’on se place de leur coté, la transplantation va à l’encontre du métier de médecin. Il semble donc important de développer une nouvelle approche permettant d’assurer l’accessibilité au traitement à tous et en temps voulu tout en minimisant les risques pour le patient. En effet, le temps entre le diagnostic et le traitement est un facteur important dans la réussite de la thérapie. C’est ainsi que la médecine régénérative a vu le jour. Celle-ci est basée sur l’utilisation des cellules souches comme outil permettant la reconstitution d’un organe endommagé. Ces cellules capables, d’auto-renouvellement et de différenciation sous l’influence de divers facteurs, pourraient être transformées en hépatocytes afin d’être transplantées chez le patient et ainsi régénérer le foie atteint. Bien que cette technique offre une nouvelle perspective dans le traitement des affections hépatiques, elle suggère certaines questions. Parmi celles-ci on retrouve la question de la voie d’administration des cellules mais également celle du mécanisme par lequel les cellules s’implantent dans le corps humain pour régénérer l’organe. Des questions éthiques ont également surgi de cette approche en ce qui concerne surtout l’utilisation des cellules souches embryonnaires. Pour toutes ces raisons, la médecine régénérative ne peut toujours pas être utilisée à large échelle chez l’homme. Cependant, une fois les réponses à ces questions découvertes, la thérapie cellulaire offrirait l’espoir chez de nombreux patients dans l’attente d’une greffe

Liver --- Liver --- Liver Transplantation --- Hepatectomy --- Stem Cell Transplantation --- Stem Cells

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Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation reviews pertinent aspects of both autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation and our current understanding of transplantation biology including T cell and natural killer cell biology, HLA expression, and post-transplant immune reconstitution. The unique aspect to this volume is that each chapter is co-authored by experts in their respective fields from different institutions to provide potentially different perspectives on each topic. This book provides a very current and succinct overview of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation that is complimentary to the larger texts on the field. "There have been dramatic advances in the application of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of malignant disease. This text provides a comprehensive update of the progress in the field. Technical and therapeutic innovations are reviewed by a distinguished assemblage of talented investigators." Steven T. Rosen, M.D., Series Editor.

Autotransplantation. --- Blood -- Diseases. --- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. --- Hematopoietic stem cells -- Transplantation. --- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation --- Stem Cell Transplantation --- Cell Transplantation --- Transplantation --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Transplantation of Organs & Tissues --- Oncology --- Surgery & Anesthesiology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Hematopoietic stem cells --- Bone marrow cells --- Transplantation. --- Marrow cells --- Medicine. --- Hematology. --- Oncology. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Cells --- Oncology  . --- Haematology --- Internal medicine --- Blood --- Tumors --- Diseases

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Stem cell research has the potential to affect the lives of millions of people around the world. This research is now regularly front-page news, and realizing the promise of mesenchymal stem cells for yielding new medical therapies will require us to grapple with more than just scientific uncertainties. "Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Heart - From Bench to Bedside" presents the cytobiological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells from the isolation, culture, transmembrane ion currents, migration and differentiation in vitro to the repairing of injured myocardium and tissue reconstruction in vivo, including the results of basic research and the real possibility for treatments and ultimately for cures for cardiac diseases for which adequate therapies do not exist. The book is intended for clinical stem cell researchers in cardiovasology, hematology, cytobiology, molecular biology, cell and tissue engineering, and other related fields. Jian-an Wang, MD, PhD, Professor of Cardiology at Zhejiang University and investigator at Loma Linda University, Southern California, has broad expertise in the molecular and cellular biological processes underlying cardiovascular disease. He has won the Chinese Medical Science and Technology Medal of Honor.

Heart -- Diseases -- Treatment. --- Human cell culture. --- LinkMyocardium -- Regeneration. --- Stem cells -- Transplantation. --- Stem cells --- Heart --- Myocardium --- Transplantation. --- Diseases --- Treatment. --- Regeneration. --- Cardiac regeneration --- Stem cell transplantation --- Regeneration --- Engineering. --- Laboratory medicine. --- Cardiology. --- Biomedical engineering. --- Biomedical Engineering. --- Laboratory Medicine. --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Engineering --- Medicine --- Internal medicine --- Clinical medicine --- Clinical pathology --- Diagnostic laboratory tests --- Laboratory diagnosis --- Laboratory medicine --- Medical laboratory diagnosis --- Diagnosis --- Pathology --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Cell transplantation --- Cell culture --- Medical laboratories. --- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering. --- Diagnosis, Laboratory --- Health facilities --- Laboratories

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The aim of Pancreatic Stem Cells is to provide a broad overview of an intriguing model of organogenesis (the development of the pancreas) from the perspective of stem cell research. The tangible prospect of devising effective cell therapies for type I diabetes –a disease thus far considered incurable– has stoked a widespread interest in harnessing our knowledge on the basic biology behind the development of this organ. This text is conceived as an all-encompassing guide to explore the many aspects of "regenerative therapies" for the endocrine pancreas, from adult and embryonic stem cells to endogenous regeneration and transdifferentiation. All these themes are built upon an up-to-date discussion on pancreatic ontogeny, which provides a solid background for both basic scientists and health professionals.

Pancreas --Cytology. --- Pancreas --Differentiation. --- Regenerative medicine. --- Stem cells --Therapeutic use. --- Pancreas --- Stem cells --- Regenerative medicine --- Stem Cell Transplantation --- Methods --- Regenerative Medicine --- Stem Cells --- Medicine --- Cell Transplantation --- Cells --- Investigative Techniques --- Digestive System --- Health Occupations --- Transplantation --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Anatomy --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Physiology --- Cytology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Therapeutic use --- Differentiation --- Pancreatic acinar cells. --- Stem cells. --- Cytology. --- Anatomy. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Colony-forming units (Cells) --- Mother cells --- Progenitor cells --- Acinar cells, Pancreatic --- Exocrine pancreatic cells --- Life sciences. --- Diabetes. --- Endocrinology. --- Cell biology. --- Developmental biology. --- Life Sciences. --- Cell Biology. --- Developmental Biology. --- Cytologists --- Digestive organs --- Endocrine glands --- Exocrine glands --- Internal medicine --- Hormones --- Brittle diabetes --- Diabetes mellitus --- IDDM (Disease) --- Insulin-dependent diabetes --- Ketosis prone diabetes --- Type 1 diabetes --- Carbohydrate intolerance --- Diabetic acidosis --- Glycosylated hemoglobin --- Development (Biology) --- Growth --- Ontogeny --- Diseases --- Endocrinology .

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Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine provides a complete overview of the state of the art in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Tissue engineering has grown tremendously during the past decade. Advances in genetic medicine and stem cell technology have significantly improved the potential to influence cell and tissue performance, and have recently expanded the field towards regenerative medicine. In recent years a number of approaches have been used routinely in daily clinical practice, others have been introduced in clinical studies, and multitudes are in the preclinical testing phase. Because of these developments, there is a need to provide comprehensive and detailed information for researchers and clinicians on this rapidly expanding field. This book offers, in a single volume, the prerequisites of a comprehensive understanding of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The book is conceptualized according to a didactic approach (general aspects: social, economic, and ethical considerations; basic biological aspects of regenerative medicine: stem cell medicine, biomolecules, genetic engineering; classic methods of tissue engineering: cell, tissue, organ culture; biotechnological issues: scaffolds; bioreactors, laboratory work; and an extended medical discipline oriented approach: review of clinical use in the various medical specialties). The content of the book, written in 68 chapters by the world’s leading research and clinical specialists in their discipline, represents therefore the recent intellect, experience, and state of this bio-medical field.

Regenerative medicine -- Handbooks, manuals, etc. --- Regenerative medicine. --- Tissue engineering -- Handbooks, manuals, etc. --- Tissue engineering. --- Tissue engineering --- Regenerative medicine --- Artificial Organs --- Culture Techniques --- Medicine --- Investigative Techniques --- Biomedical and Dental Materials --- Cell Transplantation --- Health Occupations --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Transplantation --- Specialty Uses of Chemicals --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Clinical Laboratory Techniques --- Surgical Equipment --- Manufactured Materials --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Equipment and Supplies --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Bioartificial Organs --- Biocompatible Materials --- Tissue Engineering --- Tissue Culture Techniques --- Stem Cell Transplantation --- Methods --- Regenerative Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Pathology --- Biomedical Engineering --- Medicine. --- Human genetics. --- Laboratory medicine. --- Medical biochemistry. --- Microbiology. --- Biomedical engineering. --- Biomaterials. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Medical Biochemistry. --- Biomedical Engineering. --- Human Genetics. --- Laboratory Medicine. --- Regeneration (Biology) --- Biomedical engineering --- Tissue culture --- Biochemistry. --- Medical laboratories. --- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Biocompatible materials --- Biomaterials --- Medical materials --- Materials --- Biocompatibility --- Prosthesis --- Diagnosis, Laboratory --- Health facilities --- Laboratories --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Engineering --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Composition --- Medical biochemistry --- Pathobiochemistry --- Pathological biochemistry --- Biochemistry --- Clinical medicine --- Clinical pathology --- Diagnostic laboratory tests --- Laboratory diagnosis --- Laboratory medicine --- Medical laboratory diagnosis --- Diagnosis --- Bioartificial materials --- Hemocompatible materials --- Biomaterials (Biomedical materials) --- Tissue engineering - Handbooks, manuals, etc --- Regenerative medicine - Handbooks, manuals, etc