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Documentation and information --- Middle East --- North Africa

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Vandals --- Vandales --- Exhibitions. --- Civilization --- Exhibitions --- Expositions --- Civilisation --- Africa, North --- Afrique du Nord --- Antiquities --- Antiquités --- Antiquités --- Civilization, Germanic --- Germanic peoples --- Antiquities. --- Civilization, Germanic. --- Germanic peoples. --- Vandals. --- History --- History, Military --- Migrations --- Material culture --- North Africa. --- Europe.

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Sociology of culture --- Sociology of the family. Sociology of sexuality --- Community organization --- Economic structure --- Development aid. Development cooperation --- Polemology --- Feminism --- Gender --- Informal labour --- Kurds --- War --- Peace --- Book --- Non-governmental organizations --- Gender mainstreaming --- Citizenship --- Middle East --- Iraq --- Palestine --- North Africa

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To what degree are trade liberalization, productivity, and economic growth correlated? Can economic policies designed to encourage competition and curtail industry protection result in large-scale improvements, such as increased innovation and reduced unemployment? After 20 years of economic reform in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), economic performance is still lagging behind many regions of the world. Even in those countries that are the most advanced in implementing reforms, including Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia, industries with low productivity growth and high market power continue to dominate. Moreover, the termination of the Multi-Fiber Agreement and the negotiations concerning further liberalization of trade in agricultural products (under the framework of the World Trade Organization) put these and other countries under pressure of fierce competition from emerging nations. Recent empirical evidence on the impact of reforms in a number of developing countries shows that such persistence of inefficiency and market power is specific to MENA. Showcasing in-depth analyses from Jordan, Morocco, Tunisia, and Turkey (with comparative data from Asia and Latin America), this book focuses on the dynamics of firm entry and exit to help explain the low productivity of the region. The results suggest a number of policy recommendations designed to foster competition, which, in turn, would contribute to innovation, productivity growth, and improved return on capital investments. The book not only reveals important correlations among policy and market factors in MENA, but suggests fruitful areas of research in other developing regions of the world.

Economic policy and planning (general) --- Foreign trade policy --- Middle East --- Turkey --- North Africa --- Economic development --- Industrial productivity --- Productivity, Industrial --- TFP (Total factor productivity) --- Total factor productivity --- Industrial efficiency --- Production (Economic theory) --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Economic development - Africa, North. --- Economic development - Middle East. --- Industrial productivity - Africa, North. --- Industrial productivity - Middle East.

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Museology --- Iconography --- Art --- History --- art [discipline] --- art history --- museology --- Islam --- cultural centers [buildings] --- art theory --- globalization --- kunstsociologie --- tentoonstellingsorganisme --- kunst en politiek --- Khan, Hassan --- Abdul Aziz, Ebtisam --- Abidin, Adel --- Abouon, Arwa --- Faisal, al, Reem --- Ghoussein, al, Tarek --- Al-Hadid, Diana --- Ali, Buthayna --- Alkadhi, Rheim --- Karim, al-, Halim --- al-Soudani, Ahmed --- Antar, Ziad --- Astore, Mireille --- Baalbaki, Ayman --- Badran, Samira --- Baladi, Lara --- Batniji, Taysir --- Bilal, Wafaa --- Bittar, Doris --- Darsi, Hassan --- Deebi, Aissa --- el Khalil, Zena --- Esid, Osama --- Fatmi, Mounir --- Gargash, Lamya --- Hafez, Khaled --- Hajjaj, Hassan --- Halaka, John --- Hefuna, Susan --- Hilal, Sandi --- Hourani, Wafa --- Imam, Hatem --- Innab, Saba --- Jacir, Emily --- Joreige, Lamia --- Kahraman, Hayv --- Kalache, Hiba --- Karray, Mouna --- Kazem, Mohammed --- Kenawy, Amal --- Khaldi, Jeffar --- Kossentini, Nicène --- Lutfi, Huda --- Malullah, Waheeda --- Marzouk, Mona --- Mdah, Randa --- Mustafa, Maha --- Nabil, Youssef --- Nasr, Moataz --- Ouadahi, Driss --- Petti, Alessandro --- Raad, Walid --- Rabah, Khalil --- Ramadan, Khaled --- Rashid, Ibrahim --- Saadeh, Raeda --- Sabella, Steve --- Sadek, Walid --- Sansour, Larissa --- Sfeir-Semler, Andrée --- Shafik, Medhat --- Shawky, Wael --- Touma, Issa --- Younis, Ala --- Zakharia, Camille --- Hatoum, Mona --- Sedira, Zineb --- Lamrani, Jamila --- Barrada, Yto --- Attia, Kader --- anno 1900-1999 --- anno 2000-2099 --- Middle East --- Dubai --- United Arab Emirates --- Bahrain --- Kuwait --- Iraq --- Syria --- Jordan --- Palestine --- Tunisia --- Libya --- North Africa --- Egypt --- Morocco --- Algeria --- Saudi-Arabia