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Vlaanderen --- Politiek --- Economische politiek --- Sociaal-economische beschrijving

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Two contrasting trends have emerged from the intense integration and consolidation process that have swept the European and U.S. banking industry in the 1990s: the geographical diffusion of banking structures and instruments and the geographical concentration of banking power in a few financial centers within each country. The first trend has contributed to greatly reduce the operational distance that separates banks from their clientele. The second has increased the functional distance that separates the bank's decision center from its operational branches. The conflicting movements in operational and functional distances have left a mark on market structure, financial integration and regulation of the banking industry, and have induced a transformation in organizational structures, lending behavior and relationships between banks and firms. This book, not only surveys the great research effort that has been made recently on the geography of banking and finance, but also provides new insights and empirical evidence on how the geography of banking and finance has evolved and impacted its customers. This is a timely and valuable volume that collects up-to-date empirical research on the geography of the banking industry and financial centers. Allen N. Berger H. Montague Osteen, Jr. Professor in Banking and Finance Moore School of Business University of South Carolina, USA The geography of banking has changed dramatically in recent years, under the combined effect of new information technology, deregulation and international integration. This book assesses thoroughly what we know and what we don't know yet about this process and about its effects on the provision of credit to households and firms (especially small and medium ones). It is going to be a valuable reference on the evolution of the banking industry for years to come. Marco Pagano Professor of Economics University of Naples Federico II, Italy The subdiscipline concerned with the geography of banking is a relatively new one, and the research frontier is still largely unexplored. This book makes a timely and valuable contribution to opening up this territory; providing intriguing insight into how new information technologies, financial innovation, de- and re-regulation, and globalisation processes more generally, are reshaping not only the geographies of banking itself, but also the spatialities of credit provision, financial flows and monetary circulation. An essential read for financial economists, economic geographers and all those interested in the world of finance. Ron Martin Professor of Economic Geography University of Cambridge, UK

Finance --- Economic policy and planning (general) --- Economics --- Business management --- ondernemingsstrategieën --- economie --- economische politiek --- financiën --- ondernemen

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This volume explores the dynamics of the innovation process in developing countries with respect to economic growth. First, the book focuses on the relationship between innovation and economic development from a macroeconomic perspective, with an emphasis on incorporating technological change and intellectual property rights into the theoretical model. This section also considers that the meaning of such fundamental terms as "innovation," "entrepreneurship," and "macroeconomic policies," vary considerably across nations and cultures, with profound implications for the development of policies designed to promote new business creation, growth, and competitiveness. The second section of the book focuses on a microeconomic approach, taking a sociological approach to the economics of creativity at the organizational level. Topics include the effect of beliefs on organizational creativity and the relationship between leadership style and the value system of the entrepreneur on firm-level innovation. The third part of the book focuses on small and medium-sized enterprises, providing empirical research from Turkey, India, and the European Union to shed light on product, process, organizational and marketing innovations, with respect to economic development. The volume concludes with discussion of the impact of well-functioning national innovation systems on decreasing the gaps between the developed and developing nations.

Economic growth --- Economic policy and planning (general) --- Business management --- ondernemingsstrategieën --- economische politiek --- economische groei --- ondernemen

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The economist's advice to society rests largely on a picture of citizens as infinitely rational beings, shrewd, calculating and above all consistent in their behaviour. But as the last thirty years of economic experiments and field work has revealed, humans are far from perfectly consistent. On the contrary, choices and preferences often seem highly sensitive to context. Systematic deviations from rationality - "anomalies" are widespread and they have been well-documented in the laboratory and the field. What then can the economist say about desirable public policies? Bounded Rationality and Public Policy brings together the work of experimental economists and applies it to public economics. Experimental evidence on anomalies such as the endowment effect, anchoring and mental accounts is presented and critically appraised. The implications of bounded rationality for the efficient boundaries of the state are considered. The author argues that in general bounded rationality does not imply a larger optimal role for the state and indeed the converse may be true. New kinds of policies based on the framing and labeling of choices are discussed and their impact is analysed. The author also considers optimal tax and benefit policy and the best role for stated preference and other methods widely employed in non-market valuation. Throughout this Work, the emphasis is on using models of human behaviour that are well-grounded in empirical evidence. The author shows that even when behaviour is not fully rational, economists have much to say about the design of public policy.

Economic schools --- Public administration --- economie --- economische politiek --- welzijnsbeleid --- sociaal beleid --- economisch denken --- milieuzorg --- overheidsfinanciën

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The debate on the future of the aviation sector and the evolution of its traditional business practices is the core of this book. The new millennium began with terrorist attacks, epidemics, globalization, and the rise in oil prices which all combined to push the industry into a "perfect storm". Airline industry profitability has been an elusive goal for several decades and the recent events has only accentuated existing weaknesses. The main concern of industry observers is whether the airline business model, successful during the 1980s and 1990s, is now sustainable in a market crowded by low-cost carriers. The airlines that will respond rapidly and determinedly to increase pressure to restructure, consolidate and segment the industry will achieve competitive advantages. In this context, the present study aims to model the new conduct of the 'legacy' carriers in a new liberalized European market in terms of network and pricing competition with low-cost carriers and competitive reaction to the global economic crises.

Economic policy and planning (general) --- Economics --- Business policy --- economie --- economische politiek --- industrie --- anno 2000-2099