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Steroid abuse. --- Brain --- Effect of drugs on.
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Why sex matters Among human and nonhuman animals, the prevalence and intensity of infection typically is higher in males than females and may reflect differences in exposure as well as susceptibility to pathogens. Elevated immunity among females is a double-edged sword in which it is beneficial against infectious diseases but is detrimental in terms of increased development of autoimmune diseases. The present book critically reviews the evolutionary origin and the functional mechanisms responsible for sexual dimorphism in response to infection. It emphasizes the value of examining responses in both males and females to improve our understanding about host-pathogen interactions in both sexes. The contributors are experts in their specific disciplines which range from microbiology and immunology to genetics, pathology, and evolutionary biology. The book aims at bringing insight to the treatment and management of infectious diseases; it delineates areas where knowledge is lacking and highlights future avenues of research.
Autoimmune diseases. --- Hormones, Sex. --- Immunity -- Endocrine aspects. --- Infection. --- Sex differences. --- Hormones, Sex --- Sex differences --- Immunity --- Infection --- Autoimmune diseases --- Communicable Diseases --- Gonadal Steroid Hormones --- Sex Characteristics --- Immune System Phenomena --- Gonadal Hormones --- Reproductive Physiological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Bacterial Infections and Mycoses --- Hormones --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena --- Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists --- Diseases --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Animal Biochemistry --- Biology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Endocrine aspects --- Autoimmunologic diseases --- Medicine. --- Immunology. --- Endocrinology. --- Biochemistry. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Microbiology. --- Animal genetics. --- Biomedicine. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Animal Biochemistry. --- Animal Genetics and Genomics. --- Autoimmunity --- Immunologic diseases --- Female sex hormone --- Male sex hormone --- Sex hormones --- Steroid hormones --- Gender differences --- Sexual dimorphism in humans --- Sex differentiation
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This book serves as a tribute to the work of the many investigators who have attempted to understand the role of the androgen receptor (AR) in the development and progression of prostate cancer. The relationship between prostate cancer and androgen status was initially appreciated in the late 1800’s, and then awareness reawakened in the 1940’s by the studies of Charles Huggins and colleagues, for which the Nobel prize was awarded in 1966. The purpose of this book is to provide an up to date review of the molecular and cellular aspects of androgen action in prostate cancer. It includes an overview of the role of androgens in the development of the normal prostate and progression of prostate cancer. Our understanding of androgen metabolism and efforts to target androgen metabolism in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer is presented. Androgen receptor structure/function relationships and the role of co-regulators are defined. Ligand-independent activation of the androgen receptor and the role of the androgen receptor during progression to the castration recurrent phenotype are discussed. Androgen-regulated genes are elucidated and their roles during prostate cancer progression are defined. Finally, the androgen receptor is presented as a viable target for novel therapies. Together, these reviews should give the reader a comprehensive conceptual framework of androgen action in prostate cancer.
Androgens --Physiological effect. --- Androgens --Receptors. --- Prostate --Cancer. --- Prostate --- Androgens --- Genital Neoplasms, Male --- Receptors, Steroid --- Hormones --- Medicine --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Prostatic Diseases --- Urogenital Neoplasms --- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Genital Diseases, Male --- Health Occupations --- Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists --- Male Urogenital Diseases --- Transcription Factors --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Proteins --- Neoplasms by Site --- DNA-Binding Proteins --- Diseases --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Neoplasms --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Prostatic Neoplasms --- Pathology --- Receptors, Androgen --- Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Cancer --- Receptors --- Physiological effect --- Generative organs, Male --- Cancer. --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Human genetics. --- Immunology. --- Medical microbiology. --- Pharmacology. --- Virology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Human Genetics. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Cancer in men --- Oncology. --- Microbiology. --- Toxicology. --- Medical virology. --- Medical microbiology --- Virology --- Virus diseases --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Chemicals --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Tumors --- Toxicology --- Microbiology --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Cancer research
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