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The boundary between the public and private sectors can be defined on the basis of ownership of institutional units. Nonmarket government-owned entities and corporations that are owned or controlled by government units belong to the public sector. “Economic ownership” is more important than majority ownership. Joint ventures, public-private partnerships, and social insurance funds (including for public employees) can be unambiguously allocated to the public or private sector on the basis of international public sector accounting standards. Boundary problems within the public sector are just as acute as those between the public and private sectors, mainly because of ambiguities in distinguishing “market” from “nonmarket” activities.

Business & Economics --- Economic Theory --- Privatization. --- Government business enterprises. --- Government ownership. --- Public goods. --- Industrial policy. --- Business --- Industries --- Industry and state --- Goods, Public --- Nationalization --- Public ownership --- Socialization of industry --- State ownership --- Nationalized companies --- Parastatals --- Public enterprises --- State-owned enterprises --- Denationalization --- Privatisation --- Government policy --- Economic policy --- Finance, Public --- Welfare economics --- Free rider problem (Economics) --- Collectivism --- Socialism --- Privatization --- Business enterprises --- Contracting out --- Corporatization --- Government ownership --- Accounting --- Corporate Finance --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Public Enterprises --- Public-Private Enterprises --- Public Administration --- Public Sector Accounting and Audits --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise: General --- Financial Institutions and Services: General --- Civil service & public sector --- Financial reporting, financial statements --- Public finance & taxation --- nationalization --- Ownership & organization of enterprises --- Public sector --- Financial statements --- Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP) --- Public-private sector cooperation --- Government business enterprises --- New Zealand