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The purpose of this special volume was to provide an international forum within which to present the recent progress made in positron and positronium chemistry, and to exchange new ideas in fields of research which use positrons and positronium. This special volume covers nearly every relevant area of positron and positronium chemistry, the peer-reviewed papers being grouped into 6 sections: 1. Fundamental Aspects of Positronium Chemistry, and Symposium on Positronium Molecules; 2. Polymer and Insulator; 3. Surface and Interface, Non-Metallic Solids; 4. Porous Materials and Nanostructures; 5.
Positrons --- Positronium --- Electron-positron pairs --- Positron-electron pairs --- Electrons --- Nuclear reactions --- Positive electrons --- Holes (Electron deficiencies) --- Leptons (Nuclear physics) --- Positronium chemistry --- PPC
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Bright gamma-ray flares observed from sources far beyond our Milky Way Galaxy are best explained if enormous amounts of energy are liberated by black holes. The highest- energy particles in nature--the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays--cannot be confined by the Milky Way's magnetic field, and must originate from sources outside our Galaxy. Understanding these energetic radiations requires an extensive theoretical framework involving the radiation physics and strong-field gravity of black holes. In High Energy Radiation from Black Holes, Charles Dermer and Govind Menon present a systematic exposition of black-hole astrophysics and general relativity in order to understand how gamma rays, cosmic rays, and neutrinos are produced by black holes. Beginning with Einstein's special and general theories of relativity, the authors give a detailed mathematical description of fundamental astrophysical radiation processes, including Compton scattering of electrons and photons, synchrotron radiation of particles in magnetic fields, photohadronic interactions of cosmic rays with photons, gamma-ray attenuation, Fermi acceleration, and the Blandford-Znajek mechanism for energy extraction from rotating black holes. The book provides a basis for graduate students and researchers in the field to interpret the latest results from high-energy observatories, and helps resolve whether energy released by rotating black holes powers the highest-energy radiations in nature. The wide range of detail will make High Energy Radiation from Black Holes a standard reference for black-hole research.
Black holes (Astronomy) --- Cosmic rays. --- Gamma ray astronomy. --- Neutrinos. --- Astronomy --- Space astronomy --- Millikan rays --- Extraterrestrial radiation --- Ionizing radiation --- Nuclear physics --- Radioactivity --- Space environment --- Frozen stars --- Compact objects (Astronomy) --- Gravitational collapse --- Stars --- Neutret --- Leptons (Nuclear physics) --- Neutrons
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This text includes coverage of important topics that are not commonly featured in other textbooks on condensed matter physics; these include surfaces, the quantum Hall effect and superfluidity. The author avoids complex formalism, such as Green's functions, which can obscure the underlying physics, and instead emphasizes fundamental physical reasoning. This text is intended for classroom use, so it features plenty of references and extensive problems for solution based on the author's many years of teaching in the Physics Department at the University of Michigan. This textbook is ideal for physics graduates as well as students in chemistry and engineering; it can equally serve as a reference for research students in condensed matter physics. Engineering students in particular, will find the treatment of the fundamentals of semiconductor devices and the optics of solids of particular interest.
Condensed matter --- Matière condensée --- Condensed matter. --- Matière condensée --- Electrons. --- Corpuscular theory of matter --- Atoms --- Leptons (Nuclear physics) --- Matter --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Cathode rays --- Ions --- Positrons --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Solids --- Constitution
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