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Africa has always played a role in black identity, but it was in the tumultuous period between the two world wars that black Americans first began to embrace a modern African American identity. Throwing off the legacy of slavery and segregation, black intellectuals, activists, and organizations sought a prouder past in ancient Egypt and forged links to contemporary Africa. Their consciousness of a dual identity anticipated the hyphenated identities of new immigrants in the years after World War II, and an emerging sense of what it means to be a modern American.

African diaspora --- Afrikaanse diaspora --- Black diaspora --- Diaspora [Afrikaanse ] --- Diaspora africaine --- African Americans --- African diaspora. --- Noirs américains --- Africains --- History --- Race identity. --- Social conditions --- Histoire --- Identité ethnique --- Conditions sociales --- Ethnic Studies / African American Studies --- Ethnic & Race Studies --- Diaspora, African --- Negritude --- Human geography --- Africans --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- Migrations --- Ethnic identity --- 20th century --- 1877-1964 --- Race identity --- Black people --- Transatlantic slave trade