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Cosmography --- Outer space --- Exploration --- Heelal --- Astronomie --- Ruimtevaart

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Geography --- Geology --- Geography. --- Geology. --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Cosmography --- World history

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The discovery of the New World raised many questions for early modern scientists: What did these lands contain? Where did they lie in relation to Europe? Who lived there, and what were their inhabitants like? Imperial expansion necessitated changes in the way scientific knowledge was gathered, and Spanish cosmographers in particular were charged with turning their observations of the New World into a body of knowledge that could be used for governing the largest empire the world had ever known.As María M. Portuondo here shows, this cosmographic knowledge had considerable st

Cosmography --- Science --- Cosmology --- History. --- Historiography. --- America --- Spain --- Discovery and exploration --- Spanish. --- History --- Historiography --- discovery, exploration, expansion, new world, europe, scientific knowledge, empire, governance, administration, cosmography, epistemology, nature, history, philosophy, spain, renaissance, humanism, ptolemy, navigation, mathematical rationalism, tordesillas question, alonso de santa cruz, juan herrera, pilots, maps, cartography, lopez velasco, lunar eclipse, bautista gesio, patronage, nonfiction.

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"For geographers across the globe this book provides the arguments for a return to the teaching of geography and why they should reject the politicisation of the subject by education policy makers and politicians. Standish's careful critique shows the necessity of a depoliticised geography curriculum the irony of which would be that it would ensure that every child could point to Iraq, Iran and Afghanistan on a map.' Prof. Dennis Hayes - Oxford Brookes University, UK 'A prescient and critical analysis of the changing face of geography teaching. This book deserves to be widely read and debated. Alex Standish's book puts current trends in geography teaching in historical and critical context. It comprises a forthright and timely defence of geographical education for its own sake.' Dr Jim Butcher, FRSA, Department of Sport Science, Tourism and Leisure, Canterbury Christ Church University. Since the early 1990s, educational policy makers and some subject leaders have been seeking to fundamentally change the teaching of geography in UK and US schools, from a subject which encourages students to explore spatial concepts, ideas and skills, to a more ethics based subject concerned with the promotion of environmentalism, cultural diversity and social justice. In this book the new approach is critically examined, within a historical and ideological context, addressing a number of fundamental questions: Should geography be used as a tool for the delivery of citizenship ideals? How does this affect the intellectual and moral value of geographical education for young people? If the state and teachers are taking more responsibility for the values, attitudes and emotional responses of students, how will they learn to develop these qualities for themselves? If global perspectives shift the focus of education from learning about the outside world to learning about the self, what is its vision of social progress and conception of social change? This book advocates a return to liberal models of education, arguing that the new approach to geography currently being promoted for schools fundamentally undermines the educational value of the subject, and the freedom of young people to shape the world in which they live. A vital resource for teachers and student teachers alike, Global Perspectives in the Geography Curriculum makes a significant contribution to the growing debate about the future direction of the discipline itself."--

Geography --- Curriculum change. --- Education and globalization. --- Globalization and education --- Globalization --- Curriculum reform --- Instructional change --- Reform, Curriculum --- Curriculum planning --- Education --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Study and teaching --- Curricula --- Study and teaching.

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This book deals with the early history of agriculture in a defined part of Western Europe: the loess belt west of the river Rhine. It is a well-illustrated book that integrates existing and new information, starting with the first farmers and ending when food production was no longer the chief source of livelihood for the entire population. The loess belt was chosen because it is a region with only one type of soil and climate as these are all-important factors where farming is concerned. Subjects covered are crops, crop cultivation, livestock and livestock handling, the farm and its yard, and the farm in connection with other farms. Crop plants and animals are described, together with their origin. New tools such as the plough, wheen, wagon and scythe are introduced. Groundplans of farm buildings, the history of the outhouse and the presence or absence of hamlets are presented as well, and the impact of farming on the landscape is not forgotten. The loess belt was not an island and the world beyond its boundaries was important for new ideas, new materials and new people. Summarising six millennia of agriculture, the thinking in terms of the Western European loess belt as one agricultural-cultural unit seems justified. Audience: This book will be of interest to researchers in archaeology, history and agriculture, and to landscape engineers. .

Agriculture, Prehistoric --- Landscape archaeology --- Archaeology --- Cultural landscapes --- Prehistoric agriculture --- Prehistoric peoples --- Agriculture --- Food --- Archaeology. --- History. --- Agriculture. --- Geography. --- History, general. --- Geography, general. --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Archeology --- Anthropology --- History --- Antiquities