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Hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines equipped with port fuel injection offer a cheap alternative to fuel cells and can be run in bi-fuel operation side-stepping the chicken and egg problem of availability of hydrogen fueling station versus hydrogen vehicle. Hydrogen engines with external mixture formation have a significantly lower power output than gasoline engines. The main causes are the lower volumetric energy density of the externally formed hydrogen-air mixture and the occurrence of abnormal combustion phenomena (mainly backfire). Two engine test benches were used to investigate different means of compensating for this power loss, while keeping oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions limited. A single-cylinder research engine was used to study the effects of supercharging, combined with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). Supercharging the engine results in an increase in power output. The combination with EGR permits stoichiometric operation and thus low NOx emissions because of the resulting high aftertreatment efficiency. Furthermore, the power output can be varied through the supercharging pressure and the EGR percentage, enabling throttle-less operation and thus higher engine efficiencies. A four-cylinder production gasoline engine was converted to bi-fuel operation and was used to study the effects of continuously variable intake valve timing on power output, efficiency, emissions and the occurrence of backfire when operated on hydrogen. The engine efficiency on hydrogen is compared to gasoline operation.
Motorcars engineering --- brandstofcellen --- H (waterstof) --- auto's --- verbrandingsmotoren
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Engineering for advancing ground vehicle mobility A standard text and reference for both the educational and professional communities, *Theory of Ground Vehicles* gives aspiring and practicing engineers a fundamental understanding of the critical factors affecting the performance, handling, and ride essential to the development and design of ground vehicles. In view of the growing concerns over environmental impact, energy efficiency, and safety, this new Fourth Edition has been revised and expanded to address these issues and other developments in the field. Retaining the contents and format of previous editions, the Fourth Edition introduces new material to reflect recent advances in ground transportation technology, including: * Computer-aided methods for design and performance evaluation of off-road vehicles and their practical applications * Emissions and fuel economy * Hybrid electric drives and fuel cells and their operating principles * Selection of vehicle configurations for off-road operations * Road vehicle stability control * ISO 2631-1:1997 and its applications to evaluating vehicle ride characteristics As in previous editions, this book focuses on applying engineering principles to the analysis of vehicle behavior. A large number of practical examples and problems are included throughout to help readers bridge the gap between theory and practice. With its broad coverage and pedagogical aids, Theory of Ground Vehicles, Fourth Edition remains the text of choice for students, engineers, and researchers wishing to master and apply basic theory to solve real-world, road and off-road vehicle mobility problems.
Motorcars engineering --- auto's --- steering wheels --- Motor vehicles --- Ground-effect machines --- Design and construction. --- Dynamics. --- brandstofcellen --- elektrische auto's --- hybridevoertuigen --- verbrandingsmotoren --- ophanging (autotechnologie) --- aerodynamica
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Combustion systems are confined fields of compressible fluids where exothermic processes of combustion take place, subject to conditions imposed at their boundaries. The subject of Dynamics of Combustion Systems is presented in three parts: Part 1. Exothermicity - considering the thermodynamic effects due to evolution of exothermic energy in a combustion system Chapter 1. Thermodynamic Aspects Chapter 2. Evolutionary Aspects Chapter 3. Heat Transfer Aspects Chapter 4. Chemical Kinetic Aspects Part 2. Field- exposing the dynamic properties of flow fields where the exothermic energy is deposited Chapter 5. Aerodynamic Aspects Chapter 6. Random Vortex Method Chapter 7. Gasdynamic Aspects Chapter 8. Gasdynamic Fronts Part 3. Explosion - revealing the dynamic features of fields and fronts due to rapid deposition of exothermic energy Chapter 9. Blast Waves Chapter 10. Self-Similar Blast Wave Chapter 11. Phase Space Method Chapter 12. Detonations
Classical mechanics. Field theory --- Fluid mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Physicochemistry --- Internal combustion engines --- Applied physical engineering --- Engineering sciences. Technology --- thermodynamica --- BIT (biochemische ingenieurstechnieken) --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- mechanica --- verbrandingsmotoren --- fysicochemie --- vloeistoffen
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Classical mechanics. Field theory --- Fluid mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Physicochemistry --- Internal combustion engines --- Applied physical engineering --- Engineering sciences. Technology --- thermodynamica --- BIT (biochemische ingenieurstechnieken) --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- mechanica --- verbrandingsmotoren --- fysicochemie --- vloeistoffen
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Hazardous substances --- Relation between energy and economics --- Internal combustion engines --- Air pollution. Air purification --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- uitlaatgassen --- verbrandingsgassen --- luchtzuivering --- energie-economie --- hernieuwbare energie --- afvalverwerking --- verbrandingsmotoren
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Toegepaste energietechniek deel 1 biedt een inleiding in de wereld van de energietechnische systemen. In het boek komen alle energietechnieken en -systemen aan bod. Het is het enige boek in Nederland op dit vakgebied. Na twee algemene hoofdstukken over energietechniek en verbrandingstechniek wordt achtereenvolgens aandacht besteed aan de onderwerpen warmwaterketels, zuigerverbrandingsmotoren, gasturbines, stoominstallaties, pompen, compressoren en ventilatoren, koude-installaties en geïntegreerde installaties als STEG.Met dit boek leert de student de technieken en systemen te herkennen en te beoordelen op functioneren aan de hand van keuzecriteria.Bij de bespreking van deze systemen wordt uitgegaan van een systeembenadering waarin de nadruk ligt op de gebruikseigenschappen en -kenmerken van de werktuigen en energiesystemen.Tevens komen de aspecten energie-efficiency en vermindering van de milieubelasting aan bod.Optimalisering van de rendementen is de rode draad bij alle systemen.
536.2 --- 536.7 --- 621.1 --- 697 --- Energietechniek --- Verbrandingsmotoren --- Gasturbines --- Pompen --- Compressoren --- Ventilatoren --- Koeltechniek --- Thermodynamica --- Warmtekrachtkoppeling --- Stoomtechniek --- Warmwaterinstallaties --- energietechniek --- stoomtechniek --- verbrandingsmotoren --- gasturbines --- pompen --- compressoren --- ventilatoren --- zonne-energie --- windenergie --- waterkracht --- biomassa --- toegepaste mechanica --- 697 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning of buildings --- Heating, ventilation and air conditioning of buildings --- 621.1 Heat engines in general. Generation, distribution and use of steam. Steam engines. Boilers --- Heat engines in general. Generation, distribution and use of steam. Steam engines. Boilers --- 536.7 Thermodynamics. Energetics --- Thermodynamics. Energetics --- 536.2 Heat conduction. Heat transfer --- Heat conduction. Heat transfer --- 658.26 --- 621.51/.54 --- 658.26 Energy sources. Power supply. Provision of heat and water --- Energy sources. Power supply. Provision of heat and water --- technische toepassingen van pneumatische energie --- 658.2 --- 658.2 Installations and plant. Premises. Buildings, works, factories. Materials --- Installations and plant. Premises. Buildings, works, factories. Materials --- Machine elements --- STEG (stoom- en gasturbines) --- compressors --- ventilators [ventilation components] --- verbranding --- werktuigbouwkunde --- Pneumatic energy. Refrigeration --- koude-installaties --- Internal combustion engines --- waterturbines --- duurzame energie --- Heat engines. Steam engines --- warmte-energie --- wind power --- zuigerverbrandingsmotoren --- warmwaterinstallatie --- gas turbines --- Relation between energy and economics --- duurzame ontwikkeling --- Thermodynamics --- thermodynamica --- alternatieve energie --- Alternatieve energie (Hernieuwbare energie) --- Biomassa --- Brandstofcellen --- Collectoren --- Duurzame energie --- Elektrische energietechniek --- Energieopslagsystemen --- Fotovoltaïsche zonne-energie --- Geothermische energie --- Warmtepompen --- Waterkracht-energie --- Waterstoftechnologie --- Windenergie --- Zonne-energie --- 620.4 ) ENERGIE --- energie --- bioenergie --- brandstofcel --- energieopslag --- energievoorziening --- fotovoltaïsche energie --- geothermische energie --- groene energie --- warmtepomp --- (zie ook: energiegewas) --- (zie ook: biomassa vergassing) --- Duurzame energie. --- warmteleer --- Stromingsleer --- Verbrandingstechniek --- Stoominstallaties --- Koudetechniek --- koudetechniek --- 621.56 --- 621.5/.6 --- energietechnologie --- verbrandingstechniek --- warmwaterketel --- verbrandingsmotor --- gasturbine --- stoominstallatie --- pomp --- compressor --- koelinstallatie --- 621.56 Refrigeration in general. Production of low temperatures --- Refrigeration in general. Production of low temperatures --- Technische toepassingen van pneumatische energie --- Heat conduction.Heat transfer --- Heat engines in general.Generation,distribution and use of steam.Steam Engines. Boilers --- (zie ook: alternatieve aandrijving auto) --- (zie ook: turbine) --- PXL-Central Office 2014 --- energiesystemen --- WKK --- brandstofcellen --- energie, alternatieve --- energie, bronnen --- hernieuwbare energiebronnen --- 620.9 --- Duurzame energiebronnen --- Energietechnologie --- Energie --- Techniek --- Waterkracht --- Biomassa-energie --- Techniek (wetenschap) --- Warmtepomp --- Belasting (fiscaal)
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