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The process of firms’ growth – in terms of productivity or employment – is a major concern of policy makers. In this context, innovations are considered to play a crucial role in stimulating firms’ performance. This book investigates this general hypothesis by looking at three topics: 1. Does innovation lead to an increase in employment growth? 2. Does innovation boost labour productivity? 3. Does innovation in one period improve innovation performance in subsequent periods? Based on a comprehensive innovation panel dataset for German firms, this book presents detailed results for each question, in particular by separating the effects induced by new products from those induced by the introduction of new production technologies. From a theoretical point of view, amongst others, a new multi-product model has been developed to study employment effects.

Technological innovations --- Economic aspects --- Economic policy. --- Industrial organization. --- Microeconomics. --- R & D/Technology Policy. --- Industrial Organization. --- Price theory --- Economics --- Industries --- Organization --- Industrial concentration --- Industrial management --- Industrial sociology --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy

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Modern macroeconomics suffers from an unclear link between short-term Keynesian analysis and long-term growth modelling. Moreover, product and process innovations have been only partially integrated. The analysis suggests new approaches to innovations in open economies in many ways, including the Schumpeterian Mundell-Fleming model and new monetary growth models. A specific focus is on the role of innovations for output, employment and exchange rate developments. A new link between monetary analysis and growth modelling in open economies is presented. Structural change, innovations and growth are considered from a new perspective. Energy innovation dynamics are also considered. With respect to economic policy - in particular innovation policy - the analysis implies major changes, concerning both EU countries and other leading OECD economies. This important new book sets a new direction for macroeconomics. By linking several strands of fundamental economic thinking into a coherent, integrated framework it provides a pathbreaking understanding into the fundamental forces shaping macroeconomic performance. In particular, by injecting insights from the Schumpeterian model, the author succeeds in presenting a new policy framework to guide economic growth policy. Prof. Dr. David Audretsch, Institute of Development Strategies, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA.

Macroeconomics. --- Monetary policy. --- Technological innovations --- Economic aspects. --- Economics --- Monetary management --- Economic policy --- Currency boards --- Money supply --- Economic policy. --- Macroeconomics/Monetary Economics//Financial Economics. --- Economic Policy. --- R & D/Technology Policy. --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy

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Many countries around the world block or filter Internet content, denying access to information that they deem too sensitive for ordinary citizens--most often about politics, but sometimes relating to sexuality, culture, or religion. Access Denied documents and analyzes Internet filtering practices in more than three dozen countries, offering the first rigorously conducted study of an accelerating trend. Internet filtering takes place in more than three dozen states worldwide, including many countries in Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa. Related Internet content-control mechanisms are also in place in Canada, the United States and a cluster of countries in Europe. Drawing on a just-completed survey of global Internet filtering undertaken by the OpenNet Initiative (a collaboration of the Berkman Center for Internet and Society at Harvard Law School, the Citizen Lab at the University of Toronto, the Oxford Internet Institute at Oxford University, and the University of Cambridge) and relying on work by regional experts and an extensive network of researchers, Access Denied examines the political, legal, social, and cultural contexts of Internet filtering in these states from a variety of perspectives. Chapters discuss the mechanisms and politics of Internet filtering, the strengths and limitations of the technology that powers it, the relevance of international law, ethical considerations for corporations that supply states with the tools for blocking and filtering, and the implications of Internet filtering for activist communities that increasingly rely on Internet technologies for communicating their missions. Reports on Internet content regulation in forty different countries follow, with each two-page country profile outlining the types of content blocked by category and documenting key findings. ContributorsRoss Anderson, Malcolm Birdling, Ronald Deibert, Robert Faris, Vesselina Haralampieva [as per Rob Faris], Steven Murdoch, Helmi Noman, John Palfrey, Rafal Rohozinski, Mary Rundle, Nart Villeneuve, Stephanie Wang, Jonathan Zittrain.

Computers --- Internet --- Access control. --- Censorship. --- Government policy. --- Censure --- Politique gouvernementale --- Computers -- Access control. --- Internet -- Censorship. --- Internet -- Government policy. --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Computer Science --- Access control --- Censorship --- Government policy --- DARPA Internet --- Internet (Computer network) --- Wide area networks (Computer networks) --- World Wide Web --- Computer security --- INFORMATION SCIENCE/Technology & Policy --- INFORMATION SCIENCE/Internet Studies

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When we think of the Internet, we generally think of Amazon, Google, Hotmail, Napster, MySpace, and other sites for buying products, searching for information, downloading entertainment, chatting with friends, or posting photographs. In the academic literature about the Internet, however, these uses are rarely covered. The Internet and American Businessfills this gap, picking up where most scholarly histories of the Internet leave off--with the commercialization of the Internet established and its effect on traditional business a fact of life. These essays, describing challenges successfully met by some companies and failures to adapt by others, are a first attempt to understand a dynamic and exciting period of American business history. Tracing the impact of the commercialized Internet since 1995 on American business and society, the book describes new business models, new companies and adjustments by established companies, the rise of e-commerce, and community building; it considers dot-com busts and difficulties encountered by traditional industries; and it discusses such newly created problems as copyright violations associated with music file-sharing and the proliferation of Internet pornography. Contributors: Atsushi Akera, William Aspray, Randal A. Beam, Martin Campbell-Kelly, Paul E. Ceruzzi, James W. Cortada, Wolfgang Coy, Blaise Cronin, Nathan Ensmenger, Daniel D. Garcia-Swartz, Brent Goldfarb, Shane Greenstein, Thomas Haigh, Ward Hanson, David Kirsch, Christine Ogan, Jeffrey R. Yost.

Internet --- Electronic commerce --- Internet industry --- Information technology --- Commerce électronique --- Technologie de l'information --- Economic aspects --- Social aspects --- Aspect économique --- Industrie --- Aspect social --- E-books --- DARPA Internet --- Internet (Computer network) --- Wide area networks (Computer networks) --- World Wide Web --- INFORMATION SCIENCE/Technology & Policy --- INFORMATION SCIENCE/Internet Studies

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The internationalisation of information and communication technologies has accelerated since the 1990s in Europe and worldwide. Taking a close look at the empirical analysis of competitive trade positions, trends in foreign direct investment and the internationalisation of research and development in ICT brings many new insights about the expansion, innovation and adjustment in the EU’s most dynamic sector. Moreover, the analysis discusses case studies on key players in ICT and suggests major policy conclusions for a field considered fundamental in the context of the EU’s Lisbon Agenda. The theoretical and empirical analysis gives a new and differentiated picture of European ICT where the links between telecommunications dynamics, software innovation and digital services are crucial. Outsourcing, insourcing and offshoring are natural elements of a new digital international division of labour which require reforms in both the EU member countries and at the supranational level.

Information technology --- High technology industries --- Technological innovations --- Industries --- IT (Information technology) --- Technology --- Telematics --- Information superhighway --- Knowledge management --- Economic policy. --- International economics. --- R & D/Technology Policy. --- Economic Policy. --- International Economics. --- Economic policy, Foreign --- Economic relations, Foreign --- Economics, International --- Foreign economic policy --- Foreign economic relations --- Interdependence of nations --- International economic policy --- International economics --- New international economic order --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Economic sanctions --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Economics --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy