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Gegenstand der philologischen Arbeit, die interdisziplinär ausgerichtet ist, sind didaktisch findig konzipierte Unterweisungstexte, die für monastisch lebende Frauen des Spätmittelalters verfasst wurden. Mit der Studie wird ein neuer Texttyp dieser geistlichen Literatur, der des Schwesternspiegels, konstituiert und etabliert. Anhand eines Modelltextes über eine besessene Schwester, der in einer aufwändigen Mehrfassungsedition vorgelegt und umfassend erschlossen wird, arbeitet der Autor texttypdeterminierende Merkmale heraus, die bei der Recherche nach einem Korpus von Schwesternspiegeln als Grundlage dienen. Die so ermittelten Texte werden einzeln vorgestellt, in Auszügen ediert und literar- und frömmigkeitshistorisch eingeordnet. Im Vergleich zu Regeln, Statuten und Viten sind Schwesternspiegel literarisch vielfältig gestaltet. Sie sind Zeugnisse für ein innovatives Verständnis von Literaturgebrauch in dieser Zeit, ermöglichen zudem aufschlussreiche Einblicke in den Alltag, die Vorstellungswelt und die spezifische Frömmigkeit der Schwestern.Da die erarbeitete Methode der Texttypermittlung auf andere Schriften übertragbar ist, bietet das Buch auch ein neues, wegweisendes Verfahren für die Erschließung von Gattungen und Texttypen der geistlichen Literatur des Mittelalters.

Religious literature, German --- German literature. --- German religious literature --- German literature --- History and criticism. --- Convents. --- Instruction. --- Middle Ages (Religion, Education). --- Speculum Literature.

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Secrecy and the Gods is a comparative mythological study of the human reception and treatment of divine secret knowledge in ancient Mesopotamia and biblical Israel.The human royal council was the social model for ancient ideas about divine knowledge being secret – just as human kings had secrets so too did the gods. Diviners who received this knowledge from the gods in an on-going, ad hoc manner were an essential link between the divine assembly and the human royal council for whom such knowledge was intended.Scribes eventually adapted the ad hoc divinatory means of receiving divine communications to their culturally significant texts. By discursively asserting a historical connection between themselves and unique mediators with a close divine affiliation (the apkallus and Moses), the scribes constructed myths that legitimated their texts as divine revelation and claimed these were received in history through normal scribal channels. In this manner, scribes fixed the secret of the gods permanently among humans in textualized form that valorized their own position within society.Although the origin of divine secret knowledge was rooted in a common mythological idea of the divine assembly, its treatment was quite distinct. The Mesopotamians guarded divine secret knowledge through various scribal means, including the attachment of a Geheimwissen colophon to certain tablets (treated exhaustively), whereas biblical Israel published it openly. The contrast in treatment of divine secret knowledge was directly related to different mytho-political self-understandings: Mesopotamia’s imperial aspirations versus biblical Israel’s vassaldom. As vassals to Yahweh, the divine imperial king, the kings of Judah and Israel as presented in the biblical material were not to formulate secret orders; they were only to obey them.

Secrecy --- Revelation --- Scribes --- Religious aspects --- Assyro-Babylonian religion. --- Judaism. --- History --- Bible. --- Prophecies. --- Religious literature, Sumerian --- Assyro-Babylonian religion --- Judaism --- Prophecies --- Secrecy - Religious aspects - History - To 1500 --- Revelation - History - To 1500 --- Scribes - Iraq - Religious aspects --- Revelation - Judaism

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The transition from Latin to vernacular languages in the late Middle Ages and the dramatic rise of a new readership produced a huge bulk of translations, particularly of religious literature in its various genres. The solutions are so multifarious that they defy any attempt to outline general theories. This is particularly visible when the same text is translated or rewritten at different times and in different languages or genres. Through a minute analysis of texts this book aims at highlighting lexical, syntactic and stylistic choices dictated not only by the source but also by new readers and patrons, or by new destinations of the works. Established categories such as ‘literalness’ and ‘fidelity’ are thus questioned and integrated with these other factors which, while being more ‘external’, do nonetheless impinge on the very idea of ‘translation’, and consequently on its assessment. Far from being a mere transfer from one language to another, a medieval translation verges on a form of creative writing, and as such its study becomes a fascinating investigation into the very process of textual production.

Christian spirituality --- anno 500-1499 --- Christian literature --- Translating and interpreting --- Christian literature, Latin (Medieval and modern) --- Translating --- History and criticism --- Interpretation and translation --- Interpreting and translating --- Language and languages --- Literature --- Translation and interpretation --- Translators --- Christian writings --- Christianity and literature --- Religious literature --- Christian literature - Translating --- Christian literature, Latin (Medieval and modern) - History and criticism --- Traductions médiévales --- Birgitta vid. Suecica --- LITTERATURE CHRETIENNE MEDIEVALE --- LITTERATURE CHRETIENNE LATINE MEDIEVALE ET MODERNE --- TRADUCTION ET INTERPRETATION --- HISTOIRE ET CRITIQUE --- CRITIQUE TEXTUELLE --- HISTOIRE

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Bible as literature. --- Midrash --- History and criticism. --- Bible. --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Translating. --- 221.06 --- Bible and literature --- Religious literature --- Oud Testament: hermeneutiek; exegese --- Antico Testamento --- Hebrew Bible --- Hebrew Scriptures --- Kitve-ḳodesh --- Miḳra --- Old Testament --- Palaia Diathēkē --- Pentateuch, Prophets, and Hagiographa --- Sean-Tiomna --- Stary Testament --- Tanakh --- Tawrāt --- Torah, Neviʼim, Ketuvim --- Torah, Neviʼim u-Khetuvim --- Velho Testamento --- 221.06 Oud Testament: hermeneutiek; exegese --- Bible as literature --- History and criticism --- Midrash - History and criticism.

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Bible as literature --- 225.015 --- 226.5 --- Bible and literature --- Religious literature --- Nieuw Testament: Formgeschichte; Traditionsgeschichte; Redaktionsgeschichte --- Evangelie volgens Johannes --- Culpepper, R. Alan. --- Bible. --- Jean (Book of the New Testament) --- Johanisi (Book of the New Testament) --- Johannesevangelium --- John (Book of the New Testament) --- Yohan pogŭm --- Yohane den (Book of the New Testament) --- Yūḥannā (Book of the New Testament) --- Criticism, Narrative. --- Bible as literature. --- Ioganaĭ (Book of the New Testament) --- Иоганай (Book of the New Testament)