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Realizing The Gains From Trade : Export Crops, Marketing Costs, And Poverty
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Year: 2008 Publisher: Washington, DC : World Bank,

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This paper explores the role of export costs in the process of poverty reduction in rural Africa. We claim that the marketing costs that emerge when the commercialization of export crops requires intermediaries can lead to lower participation into export cropping and, thus, to higher poverty. We test the model using data from the Uganda National Household Survey. We show that: i. farmers living in villages with fewer outlets for sales of agricultural exports are likely to be poorer than farmers residing in market-endowed villages; ii. market availability leads to increased household participation in export cropping (coffee, tea, cotton, fruits); iii. households engaged in export cropping are less likely to be poor than subsistence-based households. We conclude that the availability of markets for agricultural export crops help realize the gains from trade. This result uncovers the role of complementary factors that provide market access and reduce marketing costs as key building blocks in the link between the gains from export opportunities and the poor.


Book
Realizing The Gains From Trade : Export Crops, Marketing Costs, And Poverty
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2008 Publisher: Washington, DC : World Bank,

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Abstract

This paper explores the role of export costs in the process of poverty reduction in rural Africa. We claim that the marketing costs that emerge when the commercialization of export crops requires intermediaries can lead to lower participation into export cropping and, thus, to higher poverty. We test the model using data from the Uganda National Household Survey. We show that: i. farmers living in villages with fewer outlets for sales of agricultural exports are likely to be poorer than farmers residing in market-endowed villages; ii. market availability leads to increased household participation in export cropping (coffee, tea, cotton, fruits); iii. households engaged in export cropping are less likely to be poor than subsistence-based households. We conclude that the availability of markets for agricultural export crops help realize the gains from trade. This result uncovers the role of complementary factors that provide market access and reduce marketing costs as key building blocks in the link between the gains from export opportunities and the poor.


Book
Information and communication technologies for reconstruction and development : Afghanistan challenges and opportunities
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Year: 2008 Publisher: [Washington, D.C.] : Center for Technology and National Security Policy, National Defense University,

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Periodical
Journal of information technology research.
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ISSN: 19387865 Year: 2008 Publisher: Hershey, PA : IGI Pub.

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Book
International CIIP handbook 2008/2009 : an inventory of 25 national and 7 international critical information infrastructure protection policies.
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ISBN: 3905696223 Year: 2008 Publisher: Zurich Center for Security Studies, ETH Zentrum / SEI.

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Book
ICKS 2008 : International Conference on Informatics Education and Research for Knowledge-Circulating Society : 17 January 2008, Kyoto, Japan

Securing the information infrastructure
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ISBN: 9781599043791 9781599043814 Year: 2008 Publisher: Hershey PA : Cybertech Pub.,

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"This book examines how internet technology has become an integral part of our daily lives and as it does, the security of these systems is essential. With the ease of accessibility, the dependence to a computer has sky-rocketed, which makes security crucial"--Provided by publisher.


Book
2008 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology
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ISBN: 1424420296 142442030X 1509075798 9781509075799 9781424420308 Year: 2008 Publisher: [Place of publication not identified] I E E E


Book
The Little Data Book on Information and Communication Technology 2008.
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ISBN: 0821374028 9786611385880 1281385883 0821375601 Year: 2008 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : The World Bank,

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Now in its second edition, the Little Data Book on Information and Communication Technology 2008 presents at-a-glance tables for over 140 economies showing the most recent national data on key indicators of information and communications technology (ICT), including access, quality, affordability, efficiency, sustainability, and applications.


Book
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security : August 3-5, 2008, Guangzhou, China
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ISBN: 0769532586 1509081259 9781509081257 Year: 2008 Publisher: Los Alamitos Calif IEEE Computer Society

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