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Village communities.

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Commons --- Village communities --- Norte Chico (Chile) --- Rural conditions.

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The Critical Companion to Contemporary Marxism is an international and interdisciplinary volume which aims to provide a thorough and precise panorama of recent developments in Marxist theory in the US, Europe, Asia and beyond. Drawing on the work of thirty of the most authoritative scholars, the Companion spans all the humanities and social sciences, with particular emphasis on philosophy. The work is divided into three parts: 'General Trends', which provides a broad intellectual and historical context; 'Currents', which tracks the trajectories of twenty specific currents or disciplinary fields; and 'Figures', which examines in detail the work of fifteen key actors of Marxist or para-Marxist theory (Adorno, Althusser, Badiou, Benjamin, Bhaskar, Bourdieu, Deleuze, Derrida, Foucault, Gramsci, Habermas, Jameson, Lefebvre, Uno, Williams). The Companion is set to be unsurpassed for many years, in breadth and depth, as the definitive guide to contemporary Marxism.

Communism. --- Socialism. --- Bolshevism --- Communist movements --- Leninism --- Maoism --- Marxism --- Trotskyism --- Collectivism --- Totalitarianism --- Post-communism --- Socialism --- Village communities --- Social democracy --- Socialist movements --- Anarchism --- Communism --- Critical theory

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In 'Enlightened Feudalism', Jeremy Hayhoe demonstrates that these local institutions actually functioned with a degree of efficiency, professionalism, and attention to peasant concerns that few historians have appreciated. Set in Northern Burgundy, this study reveals how provincial administrative elites quietly encouraged the use of simpler procedure for minor disputes, thus bringing seigneurial courts closer to village life. But these reforms paradoxically made the newly invigorated courts a key instrument of the late eighteenth-century intensification of the seigneurie. Peasant ambivalence toward seigneurial courts reflected this duality, as the 'cahiers de doléances' both praised the institution for its role in community affairs, and vigorously criticized it for bolstering the seigneurial system. By situating the local court within a wide range of para-judicial institutions and behaviors, Hayhoe presents a new vision of village society, one in which communal bonds were too weak to enforce behavioral norms. Village communities had substantial authority over their own affairs, but required the frequent and active collaboration of the court to enforce the rules that they put into place. Jeremy Hayhoe is assistant professor at the Université de Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada.

Manorial courts --- History --- Manorial courts. --- Niedergerichtsbarkeit. --- 1700-1799. --- Burgund . --- France --- Courts, Manorial --- Courts baron and courts leet --- Feudal courts --- Burgund --- Nordburgund --- Enlightenment. --- Northern Burgundy. --- Seigneurial justice. --- intensification of the seigneurie. --- justice ownership. --- late eighteenth century. --- rationality. --- standardization. --- village society.

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This book documents how China's rural people remember the great famine of Maoist rule, which proved to be the worst famine in modern world history. Ralph A. Thaxton, Jr., sheds new light on how China's socialist rulers drove rural dwellers to hunger and starvation, on how powerless villagers formed resistance to the corruption and coercion of collectivization, and on how their hidden and contentious acts, both individual and concerted, allowed them to survive and escape the predatory grip of leaders and networks in the thrall of Mao's authoritarian plan for a full-throttle realization of communism - a plan that engendered an unprecedented disaster for rural families. Based on his study of a rural village's memories of the famine, Thaxton argues that these memories persisted long after the events of the famine and shaped rural resistance to the socialist state, both before and after the post-Mao era of reform.

Communism --- Famines --- Government, Resistance to --- Peasant uprisings --- S04/0920 --- S06/1030 --- S20/0251 --- S20/1040 --- Peasants' uprisings --- Uprisings, Peasant --- Insurgency --- Revolutions --- Civil resistance --- Non-resistance to government --- Resistance to government --- Political science --- Political violence --- Nonviolence --- Famine --- Food supply --- Starvation --- Bolshevism --- Communist movements --- Leninism --- Maoism --- Marxism --- Trotskyism --- Collectivism --- Totalitarianism --- Post-communism --- Socialism --- Village communities --- History --- China: History--PRC: 1958 - 1966 --- China: Politics and government--Big Leap Forward (1958) --- China: Agriculture forestry, fishery, natural disasters--General works: 1949 - 1966 --- China: Agriculture forestry, fishery, natural disasters--Famine and famine relief --- Dafo Cun (Henan Sheng, China) --- Da Fo Village (Henan Sheng, China) --- Dafocun (Henan Sheng, China) --- Economic conditions. --- Social Sciences --- Political Science --- Political resistance