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"This paper relies on a simple framework to understand the gender wage gap in Macedonia, and simulates how the gender wage gap would behave after the introduction of a minimum wage. First, it presents a new - albeit simple - decomposition of the wage gap into three factors: (i) a wage level factor, which measures the extent to which the gender gap is driven by differences in wage levels among low-skilled workers of opposite sex; (ii) a skills endowment factor, which quantifies the extent to which the gender wage gap is driven by the difference in the share of high-skilled workers by gender; and (iii) returns to education, which measures the extent to which the gender gap is driven by differences by gender in returns to education. Second, the paper presents simple set of simulations that indicate that the introduction of a minimum wage in Macedonia could contribute to decrease the gender wage gap by up to 23 percent. Nevertheless, in order to significantly improve the wage gap, a rather high minimum wage may be required, which may contribute to reductions in employment. "--World Bank web site.

Minimum wage --- Sex discrimination in employment --- Wages --- Women

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Laura Levine Frader advances the argument that the male breadwinner ideal was stronger in France in the interwar years than scholars have typically recognized.

Women --- Sex discrimination in employment --- Sex discrimination against women --- Sex role in the work environment --- Employment --- History

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This book portrays the achievements and progress of equality at work between men and women. The relevant UN Conventions, the ILO Philadelphia Declaration of 1944 and the numerous ILO Conventions and Recommendations on the development of equality are recalled. The European Union has applied and developed the universal ILO standards, empowering rights of equality with effective remedies through EU legislation and enforcement by its Court of Justice. The issues covered include equal remuneration and treatment, positive or affirmative action, dignity of the worker, maternity protection, part-time work and indirect discrimination, workers with family responsibilities and child care. New perspectives, policies and trends are discussed in a conclusion.

Human rights --- International law --- Social law. Labour law --- Women --- Sex discrimination in employment --- Femmes --- Discrimination sexuelle dans l'emploi --- Employment --- Law and legislation --- Travail --- Droit --- -Sex discrimination in employment --- -344.2401/4133 --- Rh5 --- Employment (Economic theory) --- Sex role in the work environment --- Sexual division of labor --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- -Law and legislation --- -Employment --- 344.2401/4133 --- Women - Employment - Law and legislation - European Union countries --- Sex discrimination in employment - Law and legislation - European Union countries

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Sex discrimination in employment --- Women --- Decision making --- Discrimination sexuelle dans l'emploi --- Femmes --- Prise de décision --- Employment --- Emploi --- Prise de décision

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Pay equity --- Sex discrimination in employment --- Women --- Law and legislation --- Employment --- Equal pay for equal work --- Labor laws and legislation --- Business & economics --- Law