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This empirically grounded study provides a critical reflection on the land question in Africa, research on which tends to be tangential, conceptually loose and generally inadequate. It argues that the most pressing research concern must be to understand the precise nature of the African land question, its land reforms and their effects on development. To unravel the roots of land conflicts in Africa requires thorough understanding of the complex social and political contradictions which have ensued from colonial and post-colonial land policies, as well as from Africa's 'development' and capita

Land use --- Land reform --- Land tenure --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Agrarian reform --- Economic policy --- Social policy --- Agriculture and state --- Land --- Land utilization --- Use of land --- Utilization of land --- Economics --- Land cover --- Landscape assessment --- NIMBY syndrome --- Business & Economics --- Real Estate, Housing & Land Use

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Although a large theoretical literature discusses the possible inefficiency of sharecropping contracts, the empirical evidence on this phenomenon has been ambiguous at best. Household-level fixed-effect estimates from about 8,500 plots operated by households that own and sharecrop land in the Ethiopian highlands provide support for the hypothesis of Marshallian inefficiency. At the same time, a factor adjustment model suggests that the extent to which rental markets allow households to attain their desired operational holding size is extremely limited. Our analysis points towards factor market imperfections (no rental for oxen), lack of alternative employment opportunities, and tenure insecurity as possible reasons underlying such behavior, suggesting that, rather than worrying almost exclusively about Marshallian inefficiency, it is equally warranted to give due attention to the policy framework within which land rental markets operate.

Communities & Human Settlements --- Cultivation --- Economic Development --- Labor Policies --- Land Leasing --- Land Markets --- Land Owners --- Land Ownership --- Land Rental --- Land Resources --- Land Use --- Land Use and Policies --- Municipal Housing and Land --- Poverty Reduction --- Rural Development --- Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems --- Rural Land Policies for Poverty Reduction --- Sharecropping --- Social Protections and Labor

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Governments intervene in the agricultural sector through policies that both support and shape agricultural production. This leads to two important outcomes. First, agriculture specific programmes intended to increase the welfare of farmers can become capitalised into asset values. Second, many policies, in particular regulatory ones, reduce asset mobility, resulting in reduced economic efficiency due a sub-optimal allocation of resources. This study focuses on the capitalisation of government support into land rents and prices. It assesses the consequences of inflated asset values, and suggests lessons for future policy making.

Agricultural subsidies. --- Agriculture -- Economic aspects. --- Land tenure -- Government policy. --- Land use -- Planning. --- Agricultural subsidies --- Agriculture --- Land use --- Land tenure --- Business & Economics --- Agricultural Economics --- Economic aspects --- Planning --- Government policy --- Economic aspects. --- Planning. --- Government policy. --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Agrarian question --- Agribusiness --- Agricultural economics --- Agricultural production economics --- Production economics, Agricultural --- Agricultural industries --- Farm subsidies --- Subsidies --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Agriculture and state

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In the context of increasing privatization and land reform these case studies reveal how reforms impact on women's rights to land and how these rights are contested or upheld.

Land reform --- Women's rights --- Land tenure --- Privatization --- Government policy --- Social aspects --- Denationalization --- Privatisation --- Contracting out --- Corporatization --- Government ownership --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Rights of women --- Women --- Human rights --- Agrarian reform --- Economic policy --- Social policy --- Agriculture and state --- Civil rights --- Law and legislation --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Eastern Africa. --- Kenya. --- Land Rights. --- Land Tenure Reforms. --- Privatization. --- Rwanda. --- Tanzania. --- Uganda. --- Women's Rights.

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Access to land and property is vital to people's livelihoods in rural, peri-urban, and urban areas in Africa. People exert tremendous energy to have land claims recognized as rights with a variety of political, administrative, and legal institutions. This book provides a detailed analysis of how public authority and the state are formed through debates and struggles over property in the Upper East Region of Ghana. While scarcity may indeed promote exclusivity, the evidence from this book shows that when there are many institutions competing for the right to authorize claims to land, the result of an effort to unify and clarify the law is to intensify competition among them and weaken their legitimacy. The book explores how state divestiture of land in 1979 encouraged competition between customary authorities and how the institution of the earthpriest was revived. Such processes are key to understanding property and authority in Africa.

Land tenure --- Right of property --- Propriété foncière --- Droit de propriété --- #SBIB:39A73 --- Etnografie: Afrika --- Propriété foncière --- Droit de propriété --- Local government --- Land. Real estate --- Law of real property --- Ghana --- Ownership of property --- Private ownership of property, Right of --- Private property, Right of --- Property, Right of --- Property rights --- Right of private ownership of property --- Right of private property --- Right to property --- Civil rights --- Property --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Law and legislation --- Social Sciences --- Political Science