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Mangrove rice farming on West Africa's Rice Coast was the mirror image of tidewater rice plantations worked by enslaved Africans in 18th-century South Carolina and Georgia. This book reconstructs the development of rice-growing technology among the Baga and Nalu of coastal Guinea, beginning more than a millennium before the transatlantic slave trade. It reveals a picture of dynamic pre-colonial coastal societies, quite unlike the static, homogenous pre-modern Africa of previous scholarship. From its examination of inheritance, innovation, and borrowing, Deep Roots fashions a theory of cultural change that encompasses the diversity of communities, cultures, and forms of expression in Africa and the African diaspora.
Baga (African people) --- Nalu (African people) --- Rice farmers --- Rice trade --- Rice --- Slave trade --- Slavery --- Agriculture --- History --- SOCIAL SCIENCE --- Anthropology / Cultural --- History & Archaeology --- Regions & Countries - Africa --- Abolition of slavery --- Antislavery --- Enslavement --- Mui tsai --- Ownership of slaves --- Servitude --- Slave keeping --- Slave system --- Slaveholding --- Thralldom --- Lowland paddy --- Lowland rice --- Oryza sativa --- Paddy (Plant) --- Padi --- Palay --- Rice industry --- Crimes against humanity --- Serfdom --- Slaveholders --- Slaves --- Oryza --- Grain trade --- Farmers --- Rice workers --- Enslaved persons
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This paper uses a partial equilibrium framework to evaluate the relative efficiency, distributional and revenue implications of rice tariffs and targeted transfers in Madagascar, especially in the context of identifying their respective roles for poverty alleviation. Although there are likely to be substantial efficiency gains from tariff reductions, these accrue mainly to higher income households. In addition, poor net rice sellers will lose from lower tariffs. Developing a system of well designed and implemented targeted direct transfers to poor households is thus likely to be a substantially more costeffective approach to poverty alleviation. Such an approach should be financed by switching revenue raising from rice tariffs to more efficient tax instruments. These policy conclusions are likely to be robust to the incorporation of general equilibrium considerations.
Business & Economics --- Industries --- Rice trade --- Tariff on farm produce --- Poverty --- Econometric models. --- Madagascar --- Economic policy --- Economic conditions --- Destitution --- Farm produce --- Tariff on agricultural products --- Rice industry --- Tariff --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Grain trade --- Malagasy Republic --- Investments: Commodities --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Taxation --- Trade Policy --- International Trade Organizations --- Agriculture: General --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Trade: General --- Macroeconomics: Consumption --- Saving --- Public finance & taxation --- Investment & securities --- International economics --- Tariffs --- Agricultural commodities --- Personal income --- Imports --- Consumption --- Income --- Economics --- Madagascar, Republic of
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