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Bridging the gap between physics and astronomy textbooks, this book provides step-by-step physical and mathematical development of fundamental astrophysical processes underlying a wide range of phenomena in stellar, galactic, and extragalactic astronomy. The book has been written for upper-level undergraduates and beginning graduate students, and its strong pedagogy ensures solid mastery of each process and application. It contains over 150 tutorial figures, numerous examples of astronomical measurements, and 201 exercises. Topics covered include the Kepler-Newton problem, stellar structure, binary evolution, radiation processes, special relativity in astronomy, radio propagation in the interstellar medium, and gravitational lensing. Applications presented include Jeans length, Eddington luminosity, the cooling of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, Doppler boosting in jets, and determinations of the Hubble constant. This text is a stepping stone to more specialized books and primary literature. Password-protected solutions to the exercises are available to instructors at www.cambridge.org/9780521846561.

Astrophysics --- Astrophysics. --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics

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Solar System Astrophysics: A Text for the Science of Planetary Systems covers the field of solar system astrophysics beginning with basic tools of spherical astronomy, coordinate frames, and celestial mechanics. Historical introductions precede the development and discussion in most chapters. After a basic treatment of the two- and restricted three-body system motions in Background Science and the Inner Solar System, perturbations are discussed, followed by the Earth's gravitational potential field and its effect on satellite orbits. This is followed by analysis of the Earth-Moon system and the interior planets. In Planetary Atmospheres and the Outer Solar System, the atmospheres chapters include detailed discussions of circulation, applicable also to the subsequent discussion of the gas giants. The giant planets are discussed together, and the thermal excesses of three of them are highlighted. This is followed by chapters on moons and rings, mainly in the context of dynamical stability, comets and meteors, meteorites and asteroids, and concludes with an extensive discussion of extrasolar planets. The contents of Solar System Astrophysics: A Text for the Science of Planetary Systems have been field-tested by students for many years. Eugene F. Milone and William J.F. Wilson have written a unique book that presents an up-to-date overview on all essential topics based on extensive experience in the classroom.

Physics. --- Planetology. --- Astronomy. --- Astrophysics. --- Cosmology. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Planetary sciences --- Planetology --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Planetary science.

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Solar System Astrophysics opens with coverage of the atmospheres, ionospheres and magnetospheres of the Earth, Venus and Mars and the magnetosphere of Mercury. The book then provides an introduction to meteorology and treating the physics and chemistry of these areas in considerable detail. What follows are the structure, composition, particle environments, satellites, and rings of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, making abundant use of results from space probes. Solar System Astrophysics follows the history, orbits, structure, origin and demise of comets and the physics of meteors and provides a thorough treatment of meteorites, the asteroids and, in the outer solar system, the Kuiper Belt objects. The methods and results of extrasolar planet searches, the distinctions between stars, brown dwarfs, and planets, and the origins of planetary systems are examined. Historical introductions precede the development and discussion in most chapters. A series of challenges, useful as homework assignments or as focusing aids, are presented at the end of each chapter. The contents of Solar System Astrophysics have been field-tested by students for many years. Eugene F. Milone and William J. F. Wilson have written a unique book that presents an up-to-date overview on all essential topics based on extensive experience in the classroom.

Astrophysics. --- Solar system. --- Earth sciences. --- Planetology. --- Astronomy. --- Cosmology. --- Earth Sciences. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Deism --- Metaphysics --- Physical sciences --- Space sciences --- Planetary sciences --- Planetology --- Geosciences --- Environmental sciences --- Milky Way

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This volume presents our contemporary understanding of atmospheric electricity at Earth and in other solar system atmospheres. It is written by experts in terrestrial atmospheric electricity and planetary scientists. Many of the key issues related to planetary atmospheric electricity are discussed. The physics presented in this book includes ionisation processes in planetary atmospheres, charge generation and separation, and a discussion of electromagnetic signatures of atmospheric discharges. The measurement of thunderstorms and lightning, including its effects and hazards, is highlighted by articles on ground and space based instrumentation, and new missions.Theory and modelling of planetary atmospheric electricity complete this review of the research that is undertaken in this exciting field of space science. This book is an essential research tool for space scientists and geoscientists interested in electrical effects in atmospheres and planetary systems. Graduate students and researchers who are new to the field will benefit from the introductory overviews and can quickly expand their knowledge by studying the subsequent sections.

Atmospheric electricity. --- Planets --- Atmospheres. --- Atmospheres of planets --- Planetary atmospheres --- Electricity --- Astrophysics. --- Planetology. --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Planetary sciences --- Planetology --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Space sciences. --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science

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This book details the history of one of astronomy’s many spurious objects, the satellite of Venus. First spotted in 1645, the non-existing moon was observed more than a dozen times until the late eighteenth century. Although few astronomers believed in the existence of the moon after about 1770, it continued to attract attention for at least another century. However, it has largely disappeared from the history of astronomy, and the rich historical sources have never been exploited. By telling the story of the enigmatic satellite in its proper historical context it is demonstrated that it was much more than a mere curiosity in the annals of astronomy – Frederick II of Prussia was familiar with it, and so was Bonnet, Kant and Voltaire. The satellite of Venus belongs to the same category as other fictitious celestial bodies (such as the planet Vulcan), yet it had its own life and fascinating historical trajectory. By following this trajectory, the history of planetary astronomy is addressed in a novel way.

Satellites. --- Astronomy --- History. --- Venus (Planet) --- Moons --- Natural satellites --- Planetary satellites --- Planets --- Satellites --- Astronomy. --- History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics. --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Physics. --- Astrophysics. --- Astronomical physics --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics