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Brassica napus --- Brassica napus --- Transgenic plants --- Transgenic plants --- Union européenne --- European Union --- legislation. --- legislation --- Production costs --- Production costs --- Cost benefit analysis --- Cost benefit analysis
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biomass --- biomass --- Silage --- Silage --- Wastewater --- Wastewater --- Methane fermentation --- Methane fermentation --- Biogas --- Biogas --- Bioreactors --- Bioreactors --- Cost benefit analysis --- Cost benefit analysis --- Luxembourg --- Luxembourg
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* Hugely important for anyone involved in the development of new drugs, therapies, or devices* Supporting material provided online* A practical guide to teach the reader how to design and conduct appropriate, rigorous economic evaluations of clinical trialsIt is becoming increasingly important to examine the relationship between the outcomes of a clinical trial and the costs of the medical therapy under study. The results of such analysis can affect reimbursement decisions for new medical technologies, for example drugs, devices or diagnostics; aid companies seeking to make claims about the cost-effectiveness of their product; allow early consideration of the economic value of therapies, which may be important to improving initial adoption decisions; or address the requirements of regulatory bodies. Economic evaluation in clinical trials uses a consistent set of data collected within the trial, or by projection from this data, and avoids having to incorporate unrelated (and potentially inconsistent) data from many different sources.This book provides a practical guide to conducting economic evaluation in ongoing clinical trials. It covers issues and techniques related to the collection of both cost and outcome data, as well as a framework for reporting and interpreting economic reports from clinical trials. This is illustrated by detailed supporting examples and exercises, designed to teach the reader how to apply this model. These exercises are supported with datasets, programmes and solutions made available online.Readership: This book will be invaluable to students of health economics studying economic assessment methods; investigators working on economic analysis in clinical trials will find practical advice concerning the design and analysis of such studies; those in industry and government who fund clinical trials, and are interested in the claims regarding cost-effectiveness, will find useful information to determine whether the proposed studies are methodologically sound.
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The world has many pressing problems. Thanks to the efforts of governments, NGOs, and individual activists there is no shortage of ideas for resolving them. However, even if all governments were willing to spend more money on solving the problems, we cannot do it all at once. We have to prioritize; and in order to do this we need a better sense of the costs and benefits of each 'solution'. This book offers a rigorous overview of twenty-three of the world's biggest problems relating to the environment, governance, economics, and health and population. Leading economists provide a short survey of the analysis and sketch out policy solutions for which they provide cost-benefit ratios. A unique feature is the provision of freely downloadable software which allows readers to make their own cost-benefit calculations for spending money to make the world a better place.
International movements --- Economic conditions. Economic development --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- Economic policy --- International cooperation --- Cost effectiveness --- Cost effectiveness. --- Economic policy. --- International cooperation. --- AA / International- internationaal --- 321.2 --- 331.31 --- 355 --- 311.0 --- 313 --- globalisering --- prognoses wereldeconomie --- milieuproblematiek --- welvaartseconomie --- Economisch beleid van de overheid. --- Economisch beleid. --- Milieu --- Demografie. Algemene fenomenen: algemeenheden. --- Levenswijze en levensstandaard. Levensminimum. sociale indicatoren (Studiën). --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Economics --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Benefit cost analysis --- Capital output ratios --- Cost benefit analysis --- Costs, Industrial --- Engineering economy --- Value analysis (Cost control) --- Cooperation, International --- Global governance --- Institutions, International --- Interdependence of nations --- International institutions --- World order --- Cooperation --- International relations --- International organization --- Demografie. Algemene fenomenen: algemeenheden --- Levenswijze en levensstandaard. Levensminimum. sociale indicatoren (Studiën) --- Economisch beleid van de overheid --- Economisch beleid --- Business, Economy and Management
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