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This paper provides the key elements to develop an integrated approach for measuring and monitoring city performance globally. The paper reviews the role of cities and why indicators are important. Then it discusses past approaches to city indicators and the systems developed to date, including the World Bank's initiatives. After identifying the strengths and weaknesses of past experiences, it discusses the characteristics of optimal indicators. The paper concludes with a proposed plan to develop standardized indicators that emphasize the importance of indicators that are measurable, replicable, potentially predictive, and most important, consistent and comparable over time and across cities. As an innovative characteristic, the paper includes subjective measures in city indicators, such as well-being, happy citizens, and trust.

Cities --- City Development Strategies --- City Performance --- Communities & Human Settlements --- Cultural Heritage and Preservation --- Cultural Policy --- Culture & Development --- Economic Development --- Environment --- Environmental Degradation --- Environmental Economics and Policies --- Governance --- Housing and Human Habitats --- Human Settlements --- ICT Policy and Strategies --- Industrialization --- Information and Communication Technologies --- Poverty --- Public Sector Development --- Quality of Life --- Service Delivery --- Service Providers --- Slum Upgrading --- Slums --- Social Progress --- Social Unrest --- Stakeholders --- Urban Agglomerations --- Urban Development --- Urban Development Policies and Strategies --- Urban Housing and Land --- Urban Indicators --- Urban Issues --- Urban Services to the Poor --- Urban Slums Upgrading --- Urbanization