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This paper examines the strengths and weaknesses of securities regulatory systems worldwide with a view to a better understanding of common problems and areas of global concern. We found that a consistent theme emerges regarding the lack of ability of regulators to effectively enforce compliance with existing rules and regulation. In many countries, a combination of factors, including insufficient legal authority, a lack of resources, political will and skills, has undermined the regulator's capacity to effectively execute regulation. This weakness is more acute in areas of increased technical complexity such as standards for and supervision of the valuation of assets and risk management practices.

Finance: General --- Investments: General --- Macroeconomics --- Business and Financial --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Corporation and Securities Law --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Finance --- Financial services law & regulation --- Investment & securities --- Securities regulation --- Securities markets --- Emerging and frontier financial markets --- Securities --- Personal income --- Nonbank financial institutions --- Law and legislation --- Capital market --- Financial services industry --- Financial instruments --- Income --- Canada --- Securities industry --- Securities. --- State supervision.

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This Detailed Assessment of the Observance of International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) Objectives and Principles of Securities Regulation for Portugal assesses the securities market. The legal and regulatory framework authorizes banks to provide investment services under a universal banking model. Two main cash markets operate in Portugal: Eurolist, operated by Euronext Lisbon, and the Mercado Especial de Dívida Pública (MEDIP), operated by MTS Portugal S.A. The authorities broadly concur with the assessment, and welcome the overall judgment that the Portuguese framework is highly compliant with IOSCO Principles.

International monetary fund -- Portugal. --- Portugal -- Economic conditions. --- Portugal -- Economic policy. --- Accounting --- Investments: General --- Public Finance --- Industries: Financial Services --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Public Administration --- Public Sector Accounting and Audits --- Finance --- Public finance & taxation --- Investment & securities --- Financial reporting, financial statements --- Nonbank financial institutions --- Securities --- Internal controls --- Legal support in revenue administration --- Financial statements --- Financial institutions --- Revenue administration --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Financial services industry --- Revenue --- Financial instruments --- Finance, Public --- Portugal --- Capital market --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy.

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Current trends in financial sector development in sub-Saharan Africa are prompting policymakers to focus on the design of appropriate supervisory structures. Against the backdrop of worldwide efforts to remodel supervisory structures, this paper develops an analytical framework for designing a regulatory strategy that could assist in prioritizing the needs for regulation and supervision over time. Such a strategy should facilitate the design of a supervisory structure suitable for an individual country's current and future needs. The paper emphasizes that in the case of sub-Saharan Africa, any such strategy is constrained by the reality of capacity limitations and should take into account the need to keep the central bank involved in the process. Building on the framework, the paper identifies a number of supervisory structures that could meet sub-Saharan Africa's needs.

Banks and banking -- State supervision -- Africa. --- Banks and banking, Central -- State supervision -- Africa. --- Financial institutions -- State supervision -- Africa. --- Banks and Banking --- Industries: Financial Services --- Business and Financial --- Finance: General --- General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Insurance --- Insurance Companies --- Actuarial Studies --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: Africa --- Oceania --- Central Banks and Their Policies --- Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy --- Banking --- Financial services law & regulation --- Finance --- Bank supervision --- Financial regulation and supervision --- Financial services --- Central bank mandate --- Nonbank financial institutions --- Financial institutions --- Financial sector development --- Financial markets --- Banks and banking --- State supervision --- Financial services industry --- Law and legislation --- South Africa --- Monetary policy --- Capital market

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This paper reviews Observance of Standards and Codes on the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Recommendations for Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) for Switzerland. The paper discusses that The Federal Banking Commission (CFB) is the oversight body for banks, securities dealers, and fund managers in Switzerland. The intermediaries under its control may also join a self-regulatory organization that can set minimum standards. Nevertheless, the power to specify the rules for implementing the LBA (Loi sur le blanchiment d’argent) and to enforce those rules is essentially reserved to the oversight authority.

Money laundering --- Terrorism --- Laundering of money --- Money washing --- Washing of money --- Commercial crimes --- Acts of terrorism --- Attacks, Terrorist --- Global terrorism --- International terrorism --- Political terrorism --- Terror attacks --- Terrorist acts --- Terrorist attacks --- World terrorism --- Direct action --- Insurgency --- Political crimes and offenses --- Subversive activities --- Political violence --- Terror --- Prevention. --- Finance --- Public Finance --- Industries: Financial Services --- Criminology --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Corporate crime --- white-collar crime --- Public finance & taxation --- Nonbank financial institutions --- Anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) --- Insurance companies --- Legal support in revenue administration --- Financial institutions --- Crime --- Revenue administration --- Financial services industry --- Revenue --- Switzerland --- White-collar crime