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Zeolites and zeolite-like materials became important because of their ion exchange capacities and their outstanding catalytic properties. Millions of tons of zeolites have been produced in the past years for the oil refining industry alone and, in even greater quantities, as ion-exchanging softening agents for detergents. Numerous other applications, e.g., in environmental protection, farming, gas separation, medicine, and pharmacy, are known, making zeolites almost a necessity for daily life. Consequently, there are many research activities dealing with zeolite properties and characterization. However, a strictly systematic description of zeolite-type crystal structures was not available but is now presented in this series of volumes. It is designed as a reference work for zeolite chemists and materials scientists, but it also serves as a tool to interpret structural similarities and to derive new structures from known topologies.
Zeolites. --- Field theory (Physics) --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical.
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This textbook describes the fundamental "physical" aspects of fluid flows for beginners of fluid mechanics in physics, mathematics and engineering, from the point of view of modern physics. It also emphasizes the dynamical aspects of fluid motions rather than the static aspects, illustrating vortex motions, waves, geophysical flows, chaos and turbulence. Beginning with the fundamental concepts of the nature of flows and the properties of fluids, the book presents fundamental conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy, and the equations of motion for both inviscid and viscous fluids. I
Fluid mechanics. --- Continuum mechanics. --- Mechanics of continua --- Hydromechanics --- Elasticity --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Field theory (Physics) --- Continuum mechanics
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Pulsed electric field (PEF) food processing is a novel, non-thermal preservation method that has the potential to produce foods with excellent sensory and nutritional quality and shelf-life. This important book reviews the current status of the technology, from research into product safety and technology development to issues associated with its commercial implementation.Introductory chapters provide an overview of the process and its history. Part one then discusses the technology of PEF food preservation, with chapters on circuitry and pulse shapes, chamber design and technical and s
Food --- Electric fields --- Preservation. --- Industrial applications. --- Field theory (Physics) --- Electromagnetic fields --- Food preservation --- Food preservatives
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In der Frühzeit der Erdgeschichte waren die Menschen mit der Natur eng verbunden Als Jäger und Sammler lebten sie von deren Früchten, waren dabei natürlich auch ihren Unbilden ausgesetzt. Es ist daher gut nachvollziehbar, dass den Naturkräften Gottheiten zugeordnet wurden. In der ägyptischen Mythologie stand die Sonne in ihrem Mittelpunkt. Der Sonnengott Rê überquerte bei Tag in seiner Sonnenbarke und bei Nacht in seiner Mondbarke den Himmel, für uns heute ein besonders poetisches Bild. Nur langsam wurden solche Vorstellungen ab- löst durch Fragen nach der Struktur der Welt. Die Babylonier gewannen erste Erkenntnisse über ihren Aufbau aus der Beobachtung der Bewegung der Gestirne. So konnten sie die Dauer eines Jahres und Monats bestimmen. Langjährige Beobachtungen versetzten sie in die Lage, Mondfinsternisse vorherzusagen. Im Fortgang der Geschichte gewann die Naturphilosophie, vor allem die Lehren von Aristoteles (350 v. Chr. ), großen Einfluss. Über viele Jahrhunderte hinweg dominierte sie die Naturlehre. Bei der Ausarbeitung seiner Lehren stützte sich Aris- teles zwar auch auf empirische Zusammenhänge, aber im Vordergrund stand ein abstraktes Gedankengebäude, das nach der Grundlage allen Seins fragte. Etwa ein Jahrhundert später findet sich mit Archimedes (250 v. Chr. ), ein Forscher, der mehr den in seiner Umwelt auftretenden praktischen Fragestellungen nachging. Das Archimedische Prinzip als Ursache des Auftriebs ist ein Beispiel. Die Entwicklung zur exakten Naturwissenschaft setzte etwa mit dem 16. Jahrhundert ein. Herausragende Forscher waren Kopernikus, Galilei, Brahe und Bruno. Zunächst standen die Gesetze unseres Planetensystems und die Rolle der Erde bzw.
Continuum physics. --- Optics. --- Electrodynamics. --- Physics. --- Classical and Continuum Physics. --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Physics, general. --- Field theory (Physics)
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Algèbre, Chapitres 4 à 7 Les Éléments de mathématique de Nicolas BOURBAKI ont pour objet une présentation rigoureuse, systématique et sans prérequis des mathématiques depuis leurs fondements. Ce deuxième volume du Livre d’Algèbre, deuxième Livre des Éléments de mathématique, traite notamment des extensions de corps et de la théorie de Galois. Il comprend les chaptires : 4. Polynômes et fractions rationnelles ; 5. Corps commutatifs 6. Groupes et corps ordonnés ; 7. Modules sur les anneaux principaux Il contient également des notes historiques. Ce volume est une nouvelle édition parue en 1981.
Algebra. --- Mathematics --- Mathematical analysis --- Field theory (Physics). --- Field Theory and Polynomials. --- Classical field theory --- Continuum physics --- Physics --- Continuum mechanics
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Gauge fields (Physics). --- Physics --- Philosophy. --- Gauge fields (Physics) --- Fields, Gauge (Physics) --- Gage fields (Physics) --- Gauge theories (Physics) --- Field theory (Physics) --- Group theory --- Symmetry (Physics) --- Philosophy
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This book introduces relativistic methods in quantum chemistry to non-experts and students. Its five sections cover classical relativity background; the Dirac equation; four-component methods, including symmetry, correlation, and properties; approximate methods, including perturbation theory, transformed Hamiltonians, regular approximations, matrix approximations, and pseudopotential methods; and an overview of relativistic effects on bonding.
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La Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica de Newton, marquait-elle le début d'une révolution scientifique, ou était-elle la simple synthèse des idées d'un Kepler, Galilée ou Hooke? Clairaut, d'Alembert et Euler doutaient de la validité de la loi newtonienne et leurs idées firent progresser la mécanique céleste qui atteignit l'état de «science normale» avec Le traité de mécanique céleste de Laplace, un siècle après Newton.
Astronomy. --- Gravitation. --- Physics. --- Physics --- History. --- Field theory (Physics) --- Matter --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Relativity (Physics) --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Properties
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While many scientists are familiar with fractals, fewer are familiar with scale-invariance and universality which underlie the ubiquity of their shapes. These properties may emerge from the collective behaviour of simple fundamental constituents, and are studied using statistical field theories. Initial chapters connect the particulate perspective developed in the companion volume, to the coarse grained statistical fields studied here. Based on lectures taught by Professor Kardar at MIT, this textbook demonstrates how such theories are formulated and studied. Perturbation theory, exact solutions, renormalization groups, and other tools are employed to demonstrate the emergence of scale invariance and universality, and the non-equilibrium dynamics of interfaces and directed paths in random media are discussed. Ideal for advanced graduate courses in statistical physics, it contains an integrated set of problems, with solutions to selected problems at the end of the book and a complete set available to lecturers at www.cambridge.org/9780521873413.
Statistical physics --- Field theory (Physics) --- Statistical physics. --- Champs, Théorie des (Physique) --- Physique statistique --- Champs, Théorie des (Physique) --- Physics --- Mathematical statistics --- Classical field theory --- Continuum physics --- Continuum mechanics --- Statistical methods
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