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About the Book: The book is much more than a mere list of uses of the metals and metallic minerals, which historically and contemporarily occupy a very important place in the civilization of human race and in the day-to-day human life. Uses of metals have been projected along with their backward linkages with history, recovery from minerals and particular sets of physical/chemical characteristics and with their forward linkages with the status and trends in waste utilization and substitution wherever relevant. Apart from extraction of metals, the direct industrial uses of the metallic mineral

Geology. --- Metals -- India. --- Mineral industries -- India. --- Mineral industries. --- Mines and mineral resources. --- Business & Economics --- Industries --- Mineral industries --- Metals --- Extractive industries --- Extractive industry --- Metal industries --- Mines and mining --- Mining --- Mining industry --- Mining industry and finance --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy

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This Selected Issues paper describes the three phases of IMF engagement in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) with a view to drawing lessons that could prove useful in identifying objectives and policies for a medium-term program that could be supported through a successor Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility arrangement. The paper describes recent developments in the financial sector of the DRC and offers suggestions for fostering financial deepening. It addresses the agenda for structural fiscal reforms over the next five years. It also presents an overview of structural fiscal issues.

Banks and Banking --- Budgeting --- Public Finance --- Natural Resource Extraction --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- National Budget --- Budget Systems --- Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction: General --- Fiscal Policy --- Banking --- Public finance & taxation --- Budgeting & financial management --- Extractive industries --- Macroeconomics --- Expenditure --- Budget planning and preparation --- Mining sector --- Commercial banks --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Fiscal policy --- Economic sectors --- Banks and banking --- Expenditures, Public --- Budget --- Mineral industries --- Finance, Public --- Congo, Democratic Republic of the

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Niger’s Fourth Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and Request for Waiver and Modification of Performance Criteria are examined. Economic growth in 2006 has been satisfactory at 4.8 percent, owing to a good harvest for the second year in a row, and strong mining, telecommunications, and construction activities. Inflation has been low, and food security improved, partly because of continued donor support. The fiscal deficit in 2006 has been smaller than programmed because of underspending and exceptional mining receipts.

International monetary fund -- Niger. --- Niger -- Economic conditions. --- Niger -- Economic policy. --- Poverty -- Niger. --- Banks and Banking --- Budgeting --- Public Finance --- Natural Resource Extraction --- Social Services and Welfare --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction: General --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- National Budget --- Budget Systems --- Education: General --- Health: General --- Public finance & taxation --- Extractive industries --- Budgeting & financial management --- Social welfare & social services --- Banking --- Education --- Mining sector --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Budget planning and preparation --- Expenditure --- Economic sectors --- Poverty reduction strategy --- Poverty --- Mineral industries --- Expenditures, Public --- Budget --- Banks and banking --- Finance, Public --- Niger

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This Selected Issues paper and Statistical Appendix for the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) review the macroeconomic impact of the resource sector. Lao PDR’s economic performance is becoming increasingly dependent on the activities of the large mining and hydropower projects. The economic value of the resource projects is significant, even if only proven mineral reserves and hydropower plants are considered. The overall macroeconomic impact of the resource sector over the medium term will depend on the quality and timeliness of the policies adopted to sustain the growth of the non-resource sector.

Laos--Economic policy. --- Laos--Economic conditions. --- Economic history. --- Economic conditions --- History, Economic --- Economics --- Investments: Stocks --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Natural Resource Extraction --- Natural Resources --- Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction: General --- Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation: General --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- Commodity Markets --- Fiscal Policy --- Extractive industries --- Environmental management --- Investment & securities --- Public finance & taxation --- Banking --- Mining sector --- Non-renewable resources --- Stocks --- Commodity prices --- Fiscal policy --- Economic sectors --- Environment --- Financial institutions --- Prices --- Mineral industries --- Natural resources --- Lao People's Democratic Republic

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This 2006 Article IV Consultation highlights that Mongolia’s macroeconomic performance in 2005–06 has been robust, underpinned by a run-up on copper and gold prices, declining inflation, and budget and external current account surpluses. Real GDP growth in 2005–06 is estimated at 7 percent, in line with the average pace since 2002. The mineral sector has been a key engine of growth, supported by favorable weather conditions, and buoyant recovery in the construction and services sectors. Mongolia’s medium-term outlook for sustained growth and poverty reduction is broadly favorable, but subject to risks.

Fiscal policy --- Monetary policy --- Finance --- Funding --- Funds --- Economics --- Currency question --- Monetary management --- Economic policy --- Currency boards --- Money supply --- Tax policy --- Taxation --- Finance, Public --- Government policy --- Mongolia --- Mongġol --- 몽골 --- Mongol Uls --- Монгол Улс --- Mongġol Ulus --- Mongolie --- Mongolii︠a︡ --- Монголия --- Mongolei --- BNMAU --- БНМАУ --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Mongol Ard Uls --- Bügd Nayramdah Mongol Ard Uls --- MNR --- МНР --- Mongolʹskai︠a︡ narodnai︠a︡ respublika --- Монгольская народная республика --- Meng-ku jen min kung ho kuo --- Menggu ren min gong he guo --- 蒙古人民共和國 --- Meng-ku --- Menggu --- 蒙古 --- Wai Meng-ku --- Mongolische Volksrepublik --- Mongoru Jimmin Kyōwakoku --- Mongol Népköztársaság --- Outer Mongolia --- Mongolia (Outer Mongolia) --- Mongolian People's Republic --- Mongolia (Mongolian People's Republic) --- République populaire de Mongolie --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Mongol Ard Ulsyn --- Mongolian Republic --- Mongoliet --- モンゴル --- Mongoru --- 外蒙古 --- Gaimōko --- 蒙古人民共和国 --- Mōko Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- モンゴル人民共和国 --- Mongoru Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Inner Mongolia (China) --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaqu Mongġol Arad Ulus --- Mengguguo --- 蒙古国 --- Wai Menggu --- Budgeting --- Exports and Imports --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Public Finance --- Natural Resource Extraction --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- National Budget --- Budget Systems --- Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction: General --- Public finance & taxation --- International economics --- Monetary economics --- Budgeting & financial management --- Extractive industries --- Public debt --- External debt --- Monetary base --- Budget planning and preparation --- Mining sector --- Economic sectors --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Money --- Debts, Public --- Debts, External --- Budget --- Mineral industries