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regional and local authorities. --- renewable energy. --- energy efficiency. --- climate change policy. --- energy policy. --- environmental protection.

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Energy consumption --- Energy conservation --- Energy policy --- Environmental policy --- Energy policy. --- Environmental policy. --- Planning --- Research --- Finance. --- National Action Plan for Energy Efficiency (U.S.) --- United States.

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The Government of Montenegro is preparing an electricity tariff reform due to recent developments in the national and regional electricity markets. Electricity tariffs for residential consumers in Montenegro are likely to gradually increase by anywhere from 40 to over 100 percent. This significant price rise will impose a heavy burden on poor households and it may adversely affect the environment. In an ex-ante investigation of the welfare impact of this price increase on households in Montenegro, the authors show that the anticipated price increase will result in a significant increase in households' energy expenditures. A simulation of alternative policy measures analyzes the impact of different tariff levels and structures on the poor and vulnerable households in particular. Higher electricity prices could also significantly increase the proportion of households using fuelwood for space heating.

Electric Power --- Electric Utility --- Electricity --- Electricity Consumption --- Electricity Price --- Electricity Prices --- Electricity Tariff --- Electricity Tariffs --- Energy --- Energy and Environment --- Energy Efficiency --- Energy Markets --- Energy Prices --- Energy Production and Transportation --- Environment --- Environment and Energy Efficiency --- Environmental Impacts --- Generation --- Investment --- Investments --- Power --- Residential Consumers --- Residential Energy --- Space Heating --- Tariff Levels

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"China's prosperity is at the core of the emerging Platinum Age of global economic growth. Rapid economic growth has been underpinned by expansion in its domestic markets, and the integration of domestic and international markets in goods, services, capital, labour and foreign exchange. Global commodity prices have reached historic highs, while China's capital outflows have helped to hold down interest rates worldwide. Linking markets, both domestic and international, has been key to China's success. In sustaining its strong economic growth, China has become one of the world's most voracious consumers of energy. The challenge now facing the government and people of China is in achieving cooperation with the international community to avert the costs - both economic and environmental - of accelerating energy consumption. China - Linking Markets for Growth gathers together leading scholars on China's economic success and its effect on the world economy into the next few decades."

Free enterprise --- International business enterprises --- Labor market --- Energy consumption --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- China --- Economic conditions. --- Commercial policy. --- Consumption of energy --- Energy efficiency --- Fuel consumption --- Fuel efficiency --- Power resources --- Energy conservation

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This study analyzes CO2 emissions reduction targets for various countries and geopolitical regions by the year 2030 in order to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of CO2 at the level of 450 ppm (550 ppm including non CO2 greenhouse gases). It also determines CO2 intensity cuts that would be needed in those countries and regions if the emission reductions were achieved through intensity-based targets while assuming no effect on forecasted economic growth. Considering that the stabilization of CO2 concentrations at 450 ppm requires the global trend of CO2 emissions to reverse before 2030, this study develops two scenarios: reversing the global CO2 trend in (i) 2020 and (ii) 2025. The study shows that global CO2 emissions would be 42 percent above the 1990 level in 2030 if the increasing trend of global CO2 emissions is reversed by 2020. If reversing the trend is delayed by 5 years, the 2030 global CO2 emissions would be 52 percent higher than the 1990 level. The study also finds that to achieve these targets while maintaining assumed economic growth, the global average CO2 intensity would require a 68 percent drop from the 1990 level or a 60 percent drop from the 2004 level by 2030.

Clean energy --- Climate --- Climate Change --- Climate change --- CO2 --- CO2 Emissions --- Emissions reduction --- Emissions reduction targets --- Energy --- Energy and Environment --- Energy Production and Transportation --- Environment --- Environment and Energy Efficiency --- Framework Convention on Climate Change --- GHGs --- Greenhouse gases --- Transport --- Transport and Environment