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MicroRNAs (miRNA) are tiny bits of genetic material that were unknown nearly 10 years ago but now represent an exciting field of study in biology. Upon their discovery, researchers revealed for the first time a new mechanism by which microRNA can stop the function of messenger RNA (mRNA) by literally cutting it in half, interfering with the normal function of specific messenger RNAs in gene expression. This ""expression"" of genes that code for essential proteins is essentially what controls whether a cell turns into a liver, lung, or brain cell, for example. Understanding what activat

MicroRNAs. --- RNA, Small Interfering. --- Small interfering RNA. --- MicroRNAs --- RNA, Messenger --- Sequence Analysis, RNA --- RNA --- RNA, Antisense --- Sequence Analysis --- RNA, Small Untranslated --- RNA, Untranslated --- Nucleic Acids --- Genetic Techniques --- Antisense Elements (Genetics) --- Investigative Techniques --- Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Animal Biochemistry --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Physiology. --- Animal physiology --- Animals --- piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA) --- Piwi-interacting RNA --- Piwi protein-interacting RNA --- rasiRNA (Repeat-associated small interfering RNA) --- Repeat-associated siRNA --- Repeat-associated small interfering RNA --- Scan RNA --- scnRNA (Small scan RNA) --- Short hairpin RNA --- Short interfering RNA --- shRNA (Short hairpin RNA) --- siRNA (Small interfering RNA) --- Small hairpin RNA --- Small scan RNA --- tasiRNA (Trans-acting small interfering RNA) --- Trans-acting siRNA --- Trans-acting small interfering RNA --- Physiology --- Biology --- Anatomy --- Antisense RNA