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Water resources development --- Water resources development --- Government policy --- Government policy

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Water resources development --- Water-supply

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There is widespread recognition - among policy-makers, business communities, and scholars - of the importance of improving environmental policy and management in China. Environmental concerns in China have triggered the publication of a number of books on the subject. However, very few books offer an in-depth case study of the environmental challenges in Shanghai. This book aims to explore the extent to which Shanghai has managed to cope with water supply as well as water quality control challenges in terms of its sociopolitical and economic development since 1990, with a special reference t

Water resources development --- Government policy

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"China has experienced a wide-scale and rapid transformation from an agricultural based economy to the manufacturing workshop of the world. The associated relocation of the population from relatively low density rural areas to very high density urban areas is having a significant impact on the quantity and quality of water available as inputs into the production and consumption process, as well as the ability of the water system to absorb and neutralize the waste byproducts deposited into it. Water shortages are most severe in the north of the country, where surface water diversion is excessive and groundwater is being depleted. In addition, the quality of water is deteriorating because of pollution, thereby aggravating existing water shortages. The biggest challenge ahead will be for national and local governments to craft policies and rules within China's complex cultural and legal administrative system that provide incentives for users to increase efficiency of water use, and for polluters to clean up the water they use and return clean water to stream flows. Using a standard public economics framework, water requirements for public goods-such as ecosystem needs-should be set aside first, before allocating property rights in water (to enable water markets to function and generate efficient allocation signals). Even then, water markets will have to be regulated to ensure public goods, such as public health, are not compromised. Until water markets are implemented, staying the course on increasing water and wastewater prices administratively and encouraging water conservation are necessary to reduce the wasting of current scarce water resources, as well as the new water supplies to be provided in the future. "--World Bank web site.

Water resources development --- China --- Economic conditions

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Sponsored by the Task Committee on State Water Resources Planning Assessment of the Water Resources Planning Council of the Environmental and Water Resources Institute of ASCE. This report explores features and trends in state water planning since 1986. Historically, the federal government was the planner for large-scale water resource development, but now the states are the major players in this process. This shift is a result of several events, such as: devolution of federal water programs, emergence of a sustained focus on environmental protection and restoration, elimination of funding for the Water Resources Planning Act of 1965, and changes in federal cost sharing policies. Contemporary state water plans continue to have ties with the past, but they also reflect changing social preferences and strong support for environmental protection and restoration. These water plans incorporate a wide range of water quantity and quality components, such as source water assessment and total maximum daily loads (TMDLs). Other trends include a rekindling of the watershed focus, the emergence of sustainable development as a planning goal, and the introduction of new techniques such as adaptive management and shared vision modeling. This report compiles the critical water resources planning actions and strategies for all 50 states and will be of interest to state and federal water planners and water resource agencies.

Water resources development --- Water-supply --- States --- Planning.