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From December 1944 until the end of March 1945, there existed a forced labour camp for Hungarian Jews in Engerau (today town district Petrzalka of the Slovakian capital Bratislava), which war part of the "Reich Defense Line" ("Wüdostwall"). There, more than 2000 Hungarian Jews had to work like slaves, digging up entrechments to "defend" the German Reich against the approaching soviet troops. Approximate 400 of the forced labourers died of exhaustion, deseases or were beaten to death by Viennese SA men. During the last days of WW II the camp was evacuated. A spezial detachment shot those were sic kor unfit to march, others were killed while the following footmarch to Bad Deutsch-Altenburg. Destination was the concentratio camp of Mauthausen. Those abominable crimes caused a series of legal proceedings in post war Austria against more than 70 accused - the so called "Engerau-trias". In five main trials between 1945 and 1954 against 21 defendants the Vienna "Peoples Court"--A spezial court with the task to punish nazi-crimes - imposed 9 death sentences and 1 life imprisonment. The publication analyzes the legal actions of this spezial court on the basis of the trial records located in the district court in Vienna, puts the proceedings in the lager context of the coping with the Nazi past by Austrian courts, but also in Austrian society, presents biographies of judges, attorneys and counsels of the trials, describes the coverage in the newspapers and gives attention to the gender-aspect and the reflection of the "Engerau-trials" in historiography. This is the first publication, which gives a systematic overview of the first ten years of the 2nd republic focussing post war judiciary in the soviet occupation zone and the archievements of Austrian judiciary in respect to punishing nazi-crimes on the basis of the most extensive Holocaust proceeding in Austria.

War crime trials.

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NUREMBERG WAR CRIME TRIALS, NUREMBERG, GERMANY, 1946-1949

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The Judicial Reports/Recueils judiciaires of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) comprise (in English and French) all Judgments by both Trial Chambers and the Appeals Chamber as well as their most significant Decisions and Orders issued in a given year. The publication is aimed at giving lawyers, scholars, students and the general public convenient access to the historic work of the ICTY, which was established pursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 827 in 1993 to try individuals accused of serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in the territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991. The Judicial Reports are organized chronologically by case. Within each case, one will find the selected materials, including separate and/or dissenting opinions that may accompany a given Trial Chamber or Appeals Chamber ruling. The Judicial Reports will contribute to a greater knowledge of the judicial activities of the ICTY. Various annexes, such as various tables of cases and a table of references will facilitate the use of these volumes. Judicial Reports 1999 is still forthcoming.

War crime trials --- War crimes --- Yugoslav War, 1991-1995 --- Cases. --- Atrocities.

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"The international community's recognition of Bosnia-Herzegovina on April 6, 1991 set into motion the formidably brutal policy of extinction of the Muslim population. From April to August 1991, the Serbs have actually occupied 70 percent of Bosnia's territory. Numerous cases that have been or are still processed by the tribunal in The Hague testify of that. Many have not even been investigated so far, particularly those related to Eastern Bosnia and the Drina River valley. The Serbian troop's blitzkrieg besieged Sarajevo in couple of days only. "The siege of Sarajevo begun earlier in 1991. The fact that the Army entrenched itself all round Sarajevo as early as in autumn 1991 and distributed arms to the Serbian population also testifies that the aggression against Bosnia was planned way back. It was in October 1991 that Radovan Karadzic, preparing the Serbian population in Bosnia-Herzegovina for a plebiscite, said, "You must take over the power energetically and totally. Regardless of what will come out of Bosnia, no foundation for a Muslim house shall be laid in Serbian lands or in a Serbian village. Any foundation laid will be blown to pieces. The world will understand our opposition to any change in demographic structure be it natural or artificial. Our territories belong to us alone. We may be hungry, but we'll stick to those territories. This will be a battle for life or death, the battle for living space." Referring to possible difficulties with the international community, Karadzic said, "Foreign observers will come for sure, they'll keep everything under surveillance. They'll be malevolent. All of them will be malevolent except for those we'll acquire from England - only they will be objective," says the editor in Chapter I - "Destruction of Bosnia." Chapter II presents a chronology of the Bosnian war, Chapter III carries testimonies before the tribunal in The Hague, mostly expert testimonies, Chapter IV stands for a Sarajevo "dossier," Chapter V deals with the media presentation of the war in Bosnia, while Chapter VI carries integral sentences in Galic and Plavsic cases.

Yugoslav War Crime Trials, Hague, Netherlands, 1994 --- -War crimes --- Yugoslav War, 1991-1995 --- History --- Atrocities --- Mass media and the war. --- Diplomatic history. --- Bosnia and Herzegovina --- Politics and government --- War in former Yugoslavia, 1991-1995 --- Yugoslav Conflict, 1991-1995 --- Yugoslav Wars of Secession, 1991-1995 --- -Crime --- Hague War Crime Trials, Hague, Netherlands, 1994 --- -War crime trials --- Social Sciences --- Sociology --- Recent History (1900 till today) --- Nationalism Studies --- Transformation Period (1990 - 2010)

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INHALT 1. EINLEITUNG8 1.1 Fragestellung 1.2 Quellenlage 1.3 Forschungsstand 1.4 Methodisches 1.5 Gliederung der Arbeit 2. AUSSÖHNUNG ODER BESTRAFUNG? 2.1 Rechtliche Fragen im Umgang mit dem Feind 2.2 Amnestie für die Konföderierten 2.3 Konföderierte vor Gericht 3. DIE PERSON HENRY WIRZ 3.1 Wirz' Zeit in der Schweiz 3.2 Auf nach Amerika 3.3 Laufbahn in der Konföderationsarmee 3.4 Lagerkommandant in Andersonville 4. DAS LAGER ANDERSONVILLE 4.1 Die Entwicklung der Gefangenen- und Totenzahlen 4.2 Die Versorgungs

War crime trials. --- Trials (War crimes) --- Trials (Crimes against humanity) --- Trials (Genocide) --- Trials --- Wirz, Henry, --- Wirz, Heinrich Hartmann, --- Wirz, Hartmann Heinrich,