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Communication in politics. --- Internet --- Mass media --- New democracies. --- Political aspects. --- Communication in politics --- New democracies --- Countries, Newly democratic --- Democracies, New --- Democratic states, New --- Emerging democracies --- Nations, Newly democratic --- New democratic states --- Newly democratic states --- States, Newly democratic --- Democracy --- Democratization --- Newly independent states --- Political communication --- Political science --- Political aspects --- Mass media Political aspects

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Despite dramatic increases in poverty, unemployment, and social inequalities, the Central and Eastern European transitions from communism to market democracy in the 1990s have been remarkably peaceful. This book proposes a new explanation for this unexpected political quiescence. It shows how reforming governments in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic have been able to prevent massive waves of strikes and protests by the strategic use of welfare state programs such as pensions and unemployment benefits. Divide and Pacify explains how social policies were used to prevent massive job losses with softening labor market policies, or to split up highly aggrieved groups of workers in precarious jobs by sending some of them onto unemployment benefits and many others onto early retirement and disability pensions. From a narrow economic viewpoint, these policies often appeared to be immensely costly or irresponsibly populist. Yet a more inclusive social-scientific perspective can shed new light on these seemingly irrational policies by pointing to deeper political motives and wider sociological consequences.

Patronage, Political --- New democracies --- Political patronage --- Spoils system --- Civil service reform --- Countries, Newly democratic --- Democracies, New --- Democratic states, New --- Emerging democracies --- Nations, Newly democratic --- New democratic states --- Newly democratic states --- States, Newly democratic --- Democracy --- Democratization --- Newly independent states --- Hungary --- Czech Republic --- Poland --- Europe, Central --- Central Europe --- Politics and government --- Social policy. --- Economic policy, Labor history, Patronage, Political economy, Protests, Sociology, Transition. --- Clientelism, Political --- Patron-client politics --- Political clientelism --- Political sociology

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Human rights --- International law --- Droit comparé --- Droit international --- Internationaal recht --- Internationale organisaties --- Organisations internationales --- Vergelijkend recht --- Rule of law --- Law reform --- New democracies. --- International agencies. --- International cooperation --- Règle de droit --- Droit --- Nouvelles démocraties --- Coopération internationale --- Réforme --- United Nations --- Règle de droit --- Nouvelles démocraties --- Coopération internationale --- Réforme --- International agencies --- New democracies --- Supremacy of law --- Countries, Newly democratic --- Democracies, New --- Democratic states, New --- Emerging democracies --- Nations, Newly democratic --- New democratic states --- Newly democratic states --- States, Newly democratic --- Legal reform --- Associations, International --- IGOs (Intergovernmental organizations) --- Institutions, International --- Intergovernmental organizations --- International administration --- International associations --- International governmental organizations --- International institutions --- International organizations --- International unions --- Organizations, International --- Specialized agencies of the United Nations --- Administrative law --- Constitutional law --- Democracy --- Democratization --- Newly independent states --- Inter-governmental organizations --- Interorganizational relations --- Non-state actors (International relations) --- International organization --- United Nations. --- Droit international public --- Réforme légale et judiciaire --- Coopération au développement