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Comparative government. --- Executive power. --- Presidents. --- Prime ministers. --- Institutions politiques comparées --- Pouvoir exécutif --- Présidents --- Premiers ministres
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For most of the past two hundred years or more - the grand era of national constitution-making - founding fathers and constitutional scholars alike seem to have focused more sharply on questions of legislative power than they have on executive power. Executive power, by contrast, they worried much less about and sought to delimit less thoroughly. The scope of executive power and its accountability are however endemic problems, which arise within federal andnon-federal states. Nor are these issues unique to common law constitutional orders. Problems concerning the nature and delimitation of executive power also arise in civil law jurisdictions and in the European Union. Despite the historical constitutional focus on legislative power, it is executive authoritywhich seems in the early 21st-century to be the more threatening.This book addresses two sets of questions that are under-researched in constitutional scholarship. What is the proper scope of executive authority, how is executive power delimited, and how should it be defined? How is executive authority best held to account, politically and legally? These questions are both descriptive and normative and they are addressed accordingly in each of the chapters by leading public lawyers from a variety of jurisdictions. The book examines executive power in theUnited Kingdom from a British and from a distinctively Scottish perspective. There are chapters on the four common law jurisdictions of Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United States; on the four civil law jurisdictions of France, Germany, Italy, and Spain; and on the European Union. Thisinsightful comparative perspective allows themes to be drawn together, and lessons extracted on the nature of executive power and its accountability.
Executive power --- Pouvoir exécutif --- Pouvoir exécutif --- Royaume-Uni --- Canada --- Australie --- Nouvelle-Zélande --- États-Unis --- France --- Italie --- Allemagne --- Espagne --- Droit public --- Droit comparé --- Droit constitutionnel --- Séparation des pouvoirs --- Études comparatives --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Pays de common law --- Grande-Bretagne --- Compétence --- Etats-Unis --- Écosse (GB) --- Union européenne
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Explaining outcomes of decision-making at the European level has occupied scholars since the late 1950s, yet analysts continue to disagree on the most important factors in the process. In this book, Arne Niemann examines the interplay of the supranational, governmental and non-governmental actors involved in EU integration, along with the influence of domestic, supranational and international structures. The book restates and develops neofunctionalism as an approach for explaining decisions in the European Union and assesses the usefulness of the revised neofunctionalist framework on three case studies: the emergence and development of the PHARE programme, the reform of the Common Commercial Policy, and the communitarisation of visa, asylum and immigration policy. Niemann argues that this classic theory can be modified in such a way as to draw on a wider theoretical repertoire and that many micro-level concepts can sensibly be accommodated within his larger neofunctionalist framework.
Government --- International relations. Foreign policy --- European Union --- Public administration --- Administrative agencies --- Executive power --- Administration publique (Science) --- Administration publique --- Pouvoir exécutif --- Decision making. --- Prise de décision --- European Union. --- European Union countries --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Politics and government. --- Politique et gouvernement --- Pouvoir exécutif --- Prise de décision --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Social Sciences --- Political Science --- Agencies, Administrative --- Executive agencies --- Government agencies --- Regulatory agencies --- Administrative law --- Administration, Public --- Delivery of government services --- Government services, Delivery of --- Public management --- Public sector management --- Political science --- Decentralization in government --- Local government --- Public officers --- Law and legislation --- E.U.
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