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Numerous emerging technologies have propelled the growth of proteomics into a wide-ranging discipline with great potential to improve human health through the discovery of new protein biomarkers and therapeutics. In New and Emerging Proteomic Techniques, a panel of leading researchers and innovators describe in step-by-step detail the latest techniques that promise to significantly impact the practice of proteomics, as well as its success in developing novel clinical agents. The methods described here span the entire spectrum of top-down and bottom-up approaches, including microarrays, gels, chromatography, and affinity separations, and address every aspect of the human proteome, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The techniques of protein detection utilized are diverse and range from fluorescence and resonance light scattering to surface plasmon resonance and mass spectrometry. Where necessary, two or more distinct techniques are provided for a given problem, and advanced bioinformatics approaches are presented for the analysis of complex proteomic data. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principles behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and easy to use, New and Emerging Proteomic Techniques offers expert and novice investigators alike today's most promising proteomics techniques for probing the biological processes and understanding the diseases of the human body.

Biochemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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It is now clear that ion channels play essential roles in cell biology and physiology and that their dysfunction is the root cause of many human diseases. In Ion Channels: Methods and Protocols, internationally recognized biomedical scientists describe recent technological breakthroughs and demonstrate their use in successful experimental designs. The diverse applications range from the study of allosteric regulation of ion channel activity using a classic mutagenesis approach, to the study of channel subunit stoichiometry using a novel biophysical approach based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Highlights include methods for heterologous expression of ion channels in cells, for determining channel structure-function, for studying channel regulation and physiological function, and for genetic screening and investigating channelopathies. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principles behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and highly practical, Ion Channels: Methods and Protocols offer both novice and experienced researchers a versatile collection of proven techniques for illuminating the structure, function, and regulation of ion channel proteins and finding suitable drug targets when they cause disease.

Biochemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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Recent advances in the analysis of pesticide residues in both environmental and food commodities hold out the possibility of analyzing many pesticides in one analytical run. In Pesticide Protocols, expert researchers-who have each perfected the techniques they write about-describe in step-by-step detail robust methods for the detection of pesticide compounds or their metabolites, techniques that are highly useful in food, environmental, and biological monitoring, and in studies of exposure via food, water, air, and the skin or lungs. The methods range from gas and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detection and other classic detectors, to capillary electrophoresis and immunochemical or radioimmunoassay techniques. The authors apply these broad-ranging techniques to the analysis of several families of pesticides, to pesticide residues in vegetables, to pesticides in water and air, and to pesticide exposure. The authors have focused on extraction and cleanup procedures in order to develop and optimize more fully automated and miniaturized methods, including solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and on-line tandem liquid chromatography trace enrichment, among others. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Biotechnology™ series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principles behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and versatile, Pesticide Protocols offers analysts powerful and highly practical tools for analyzing the presence of pesticides in complex matrices.

Biochemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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Completion of the sequence of the human genome and the development of high-throughput technologies have opened a new era of research in biology and medicine. In Gene Mapping, Discovery, and Expression: Methods and Protocols, a panel of researchers from around the world and from a variety of disciplines offer a unique blend of computational tools and experimental techniques for gene mapping, comparative genomics, and studies of the control of gene expression. On the computational side, for beginners in the field, the book describes web-based technologies to localize and map genes, to access and retrieve data from microarray databases, to conduct comparative genomics, and to discover the potential "codes" in genomic DNA that may control the expression of protein-coding genes. Detailed experimental techniques described include methods for studying chromatin structure and allele-specific gene expression, methods for high-throughput analysis and characterization of transcription factor binding elements, and methods for isolation and identification of proteins that interact with DNA. The protocols in the book follow the successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, offering step-by-step instructions, an introduction outlining the principles behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding pitfalls. Cutting-edge and interdisciplinary, Gene Mapping, Discovery, and Expression: Methods and Protocols offers a collection of DNA-sequence-based technologies for gene discovery, retrieval of gene expression data, discovery of regulatory elements, and discovery of transcription factors that interact with DNA.

Biochemistry. --- Cytology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Cell Biology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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Although fluorescent probes and assays, which use energy transfer (ET) for monitoring DNA reactions, have multiplied in recent years, until now there have been no manuals summarizing the many different protocols and probe designs. Fluorescent Energy Transfer Nucleic Acid Probes: Designs and Protocols is the first publication to provide such a collection. In the volume, hands-on experts-often the original developers of the technique-comprehensively describe a variety of fluorescent probes and devices that use ET, including molecular beacons, molecular break lights, TaqMan® probes, LUX™ primers, Invader® assay, aptazymes, DNAzymes, molecular machines, biosensors, and logic gates for molecular-scale computation. Merging work on nanotechnology and fluorescent probes, the authors assemble the first comprehensive treatment of all the key DNA- and RNA-based ET probes and present strategies for their optimized custom design. They discuss both fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based and non-FRET-based constructs, and provide a complete set of techniques to monitor DNA and RNA reactions, such as hybridization, amplification, cleavage, folding, and associations with proteins, other molecules, and metal ions. Detailed protocols are provided for distance determination in protein-DNA complexes and the detection of topological DNA alterations, mutations, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, each offering an outline of the principles behind the technique, step-by-step detailed instructions, and comprehensive troubleshooting. Exhaustive and state-of-the-art, Fluorescent Energy Transfer Nucleic Acid Probes: Designs and Protocols is an invaluable resource for both novice and experienced researchers who wish to use the latest developments in fluorescent probes in any field of molecular biology.

Biochemistry. --- Cytology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Cell Biology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition