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This volume is a collection of some of the most important philosophical papers by Peter Gärdenfors. Spanning a period of more than 20 years of his research, they cover a wide ground of topics, from early works on decision theory, belief revision and nonmonotonic logic to more recent work on conceptual spaces, inductive reasoning, semantics and the evolutions of thinking. Many of the papers have only been published in places that are difficult to access. The common theme of all the papers is the dynamics of thought. Several of the papers have become minor classics and the volume bears witness of the wide scope of Gärdenfors' research and of his crisp and often witty style of writing. The volume will be of interest to researchers in philosophy and other cognitive sciences.
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Life --- Reason --- Thought and thinking
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Philosophy, Spanish --- Thought and thinking --- Philosophie espagnole --- Pensée --- Pensée
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Alors que la physique a considérablement fait évoluer notre vision de la matière, dont la « dématérialisation » permet de formuler l'hypothèse selon laquelle l'expérience consciente ferait partie des « matériaux de l'Univers », les apports de la neuropsychologie n'ont guère été exploités. Pourtant, nombre d'observations classiques témoignent de l'existence d'une pensée sans langage, véritable référent du langage et gouverneur de la pensée langagière qui seule est complète. Sur cette base, analyse à l'appui, on s'aperçoit que bien des questions posées par le langage, qui restent au centre de la philosophie, se trouvent extraordinairement éclairées, avec un démenti frappant à formule classique « pas de pensée sans langage » qui transformait ce dernier en un code autoréférentiel. Le gouvernement de la pensée complète par la pensée sans langage invite à restituer aux affects leur rôle moteur et la logique se trouve ramenée au simple rôle d'auxiliaire de la pensée. Dans le domaine de la conscience, la prise en compte de données telles que l'auto-désignation des jeunes enfants, les amnésies massives sans perte d'identité, les états de « conscience vide », etc., plaide pour une relance de la réflexion. Associant ces bases factuelles indiscutables et la conception aujourd'hui la plus crédible selon laquelle notre cerveau est un système autoréférentiel, l'auteur conduit son enquête et la fait déboucher sur une réflexion sur les critères du vrai qui renoue avec la grande tradition spéculative.
Human information processing. --- Language and languages. --- Thought and thinking.
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Over the past twenty years the International Study Association on Teachers and Teaching (ISATT) has become world-renowned as an organisation dedicated to the discussion of current thinking in educational policy and practice. As such, the ideas aired at ISATT conferences are of the greatest significance to today's educational practitioners. This book satisfies the demand for a lasting record of ISATT's illuminating discussions on the theme. It is based on a selection of papers presented at their third bi-annual conference and has been updated by each contributor to include their current thoughts and opinions. Containing nineteen articles, each an in-depth examination of the topic, it is divided into four sections: conceptual frames for teacher thought and action methods and approaches to the study of teacher though and action teacher judgment and evaluation of students teacher thinking and teacher education. Broad in theme, international in scope and detailed this book is essential and enlightening reading for anyone with a serious interest in the ongoing development of educational thought.
Teachers --- Teaching. --- Thought and thinking. --- Psychology. --- Training of.
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Brain --- Brain. --- Neurosciences. --- Psychophysiology. --- Thinking. --- Thought and thinking. --- Physiology.
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