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Polymers --- Polymères --- Chemistry. --- Polymers. --- Soft condensed matter. --- Polymer Sciences. --- Soft Matter, Complex Fluids. --- Macromolecules --- Deformations (Mechanics) --- Molecular dynamics --- Organic Chemistry --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Fracture --- Amorphous substances. --- Complex fluids. --- Soft and Granular Matter, Complex Fluids and Microfluidics. --- Polymères --- EPUB-LIV-FT SPRINGER-B --- Complex liquids --- Fluids, Complex --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Polymers and polymerization --- Dynamics, Molecular --- Physical sciences --- Amorphous substances --- Liquids --- Soft condensed matter --- Polymers  .

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LIFE - as a Matter of Fat Lipidomics is the science of the fats called lipids. Lipids are as important for life as proteins, sugars, and genes. The present book gives a multi-disciplinary perspective on the physics of life and the particular role played by lipids and the lipid-bilayer component of cell membranes. The book is aimed at undergraduate students and young research workers within physics, chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, nutrition, as well as pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences. The emphasis is on the physical properties of lipid membranes seen as soft and molecularly structured interfaces. By combining and synthesizing insights obtained from a variety of recent studies, an attempt is made to clarify what membrane structure is and how it can be quantitatively described. Furthermore, it is shown how biological function mediated by membranes is controlled by lipid membrane structure and organization on length scales ranging from the size of the individual molecule, across molecular assemblies of proteins and lipid domains in the range of nanometers, to the size of whole cells. Applications of lipids in nano-technology and biomedicine are also described. The Emerging Science of Lipidomics We have just witnessed a scientific revolution at the end of the 20th century that took us through the genomics era with a focus on sequencing genes and mapping gene products. We are now in the middle of the proteomics era where the multitude of proteins that are encoded in the genes are identified and their functions are unveiled. In front of us we have a new era recognizing the role of lipids. The science of lipidomics is emerging. Lipidomics involves a quantitative experimental and theoretical study of, e.g. lipid and membrane self-assembly, lipid-protein interactions, lipid-gene interactions, and the biophysical properties of lipid structure, function, and dynamics. .

Lipids --- Lipides --- Fat. --- Lipids. --- Lipid membranes --- Fatty acids --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Biology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Metabolism --- Physiological effect --- Biomolecules. --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVPHYSI SPRINGER-B --- Biological molecules --- Lipins --- Lipoids --- Physics. --- Food --- Polymers. --- Biochemistry. --- Amorphous substances. --- Complex fluids. --- Biophysics. --- Biological physics. --- Materials --- Thin films. --- Biophysics and Biological Physics. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Polymer Sciences. --- Soft and Granular Matter, Complex Fluids and Microfluidics. --- Food Science. --- Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films. --- Biotechnology. --- Surfaces. --- Molecules --- Molecular biology --- Biomolecules --- Steroids

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This book is intended to present for the first time experimental methods to measure equilibria states of pure and mixed gases being adsorbed on the surface of solid materials. It has been written for engineers and scientists from industry and academia who are interested in adsorption-based gas separation processes and/or in using gas adsorption for characterization of the porosity of solid materials. Traditional and new measurement methods for gas adsorption equilibria are presented in Chaps. 2-6 and elucidated by quite a number of experimental data sets, most of them having been measured in the authors' laboratories. Special emphasis is given to uncertainties of data and pros and cons of all measurement methods are offered. Also the basic concepts underlying interpretation of measurements and calculations of adsorbed masses from measurement signals, are discussed in Chap. 1. The authors state that in publishing this book they "hope to contribute to... the development of effective and reliable methods to measure pure gas and gas mixture adsorption equilibria; preventing young (and old) experimenters from doing all the mistakes we have done during our laboratory work*) ; making experimental gas adsorption data measured today in many laboratories more easily comparable to each other, as methods and procedures should become more and more similar and possibly also will be standardized (IUPAC) in the years to come. ".

Gases --- Gas-solid interfaces. --- Thermodynamics. --- Absorption and adsorption. --- Absorption --- Adsorption --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Heat --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Solid-gas interfaces --- Interfaces (Physical sciences) --- Chemical engineering. --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering. --- Soft and Granular Matter, Complex Fluids and Microfluidics. --- Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films. --- Chemistry, Industrial --- Engineering, Chemical --- Industrial chemistry --- Engineering --- Chemistry, Technical --- Metallurgy --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Amorphous substances. --- Complex fluids. --- Materials—Surfaces. --- Thin films. --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Complex liquids --- Fluids, Complex --- Amorphous substances --- Liquids --- Soft condensed matter

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Recently there have been profound developments in the understanding and interpretation of liquids and soft matter centered on constituents with sho- range interactions. Ionic soft matter is a class of conventional condensed soft matter with prevailing contribution from electrostatics and, therefore, can be subject to possible long-range correlations among the components of the - terial and in many cases crucially affecting its physical properties. Among the most popular representatives of such a class of materials are natural and synthetic saline environments, like aqueous and non-aqueous electrolyte - lutions and molten salts as well as variety of polyelectrolytes and colloidal suspensions. Equally well known are biological systems of proteins. All these systems are examples of soft matter strongly in?uenced, if not dominated, by long-range forces. For more than half of century the classical theories by Debye and Hückel as well as by Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey and Owerbeek (DLVO) have been at the basis of theoretical physical chemistry and chemical engineering. The substantial progress in material science during last few decades as well as the advent of new instrumentation and computational techniques made it apparent that in many cases the classical theories break down. New types of interactions (e.g. hydrodynamic, entropic) have been discovered and a number of questions have arisen from theoretical and experimental studies. Many of these questions still do not have de?nite answers.

Ionic solutions --- Soft condensed matter --- Matière molle (Physique) --- Solutions ioniques --- Congresses --- Congresses. --- Congrès --- Soft condensed matter. --- Atomic Physics --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Matière molle (Physique) --- Congrès --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVPHYSI SPRINGER-B --- Solutions, Ionic --- Physics. --- Physical chemistry. --- Condensed matter. --- Amorphous substances. --- Complex fluids. --- Biophysics. --- Biological physics. --- Soft and Granular Matter, Complex Fluids and Microfluidics. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Biophysics and Biological Physics. --- Ions --- Solution (Chemistry) --- Condensed matter --- Matter, Soft (Condensed matter) --- Matter, Soft condensed --- Soft matter (Condensed matter) --- Complex fluids --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Biological physics --- Biology --- Medical sciences --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Solids --- Complex liquids --- Fluids, Complex --- Amorphous substances

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Models should be as simple as possible, but no simpler. For the physics of polymeric liquids, whose relevant lengths and time scales are out of reach for first principles calculations, this means that we have to choose a minimum set of sufficiently detailed descriptors such as architecture (linear, ring, branched), connectivity, semiflexibility, stretchability, excluded volume, and hydrodynamic interaction. These 'universal' fluids allow the prediction of material properties under external flow- or electrodynamic fields, the results being expressed in terms of reference units, specific for any particular chosen material. This book provides an introduction to the kinetic theory and computer simulation methods needed to handle these models and to interpret the results. Also included are a number of sample applications and computer codes.

Polymer solutions --- Crystalline polymers --- Mathematical models. --- Organic Chemistry --- Atomic Physics --- Physics --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Mathematical models --- Crystal polymers --- Crystallographically ordered polymers --- Polymer crystals --- Liquid polymers --- Polymeric liquids --- Physics. --- Polymers. --- Continuum physics. --- Amorphous substances. --- Complex fluids. --- Continuum mechanics. --- Soft and Granular Matter, Complex Fluids and Microfluidics. --- Polymer Sciences. --- Classical Continuum Physics. --- Numerical and Computational Physics. --- Continuum Mechanics and Mechanics of Materials. --- Mechanics of continua --- Elasticity --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Field theory (Physics) --- Complex liquids --- Fluids, Complex --- Amorphous substances --- Liquids --- Soft condensed matter --- Classical field theory --- Continuum physics --- Continuum mechanics --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Polymers and polymerization --- Macromolecules --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Mechanics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Classical and Continuum Physics. --- Numerical and Computational Physics, Simulation. --- Solid Mechanics. --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Quantum theory --- Polymers  .