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In 1937, Mexican workers were among the strikers and supporters beaten, arrested, and murdered by Chicago policemen in the now infamous Republic Steel Mill Strike. Using this event as a springboard, Zaragosa Vargas embarks on the first full-scale history of the Mexican-American labor movement in twentieth-century America. Absorbing and meticulously researched, Labor Rights Are Civil Rights paints a multifaceted portrait of the complexities and contours of the Mexican American struggle for equality from the 1930's to the postwar era. Drawing on extensive archival research, Vargas focuses on the large Mexican American communities in Texas, Colorado, and California. As he explains, the Great Depression heightened the struggles of Spanish speaking blue-collar workers, and employers began to define citizenship to exclude Mexicans from political rights and erect barriers to resistance. Mexican Americans faced hostility and repatriation. The mounting strife resulted in strikes by Mexican fruit and vegetable farmers. This collective action, combined with involvement in the Communist party, led Mexican workers to unionize. Vargas carefully illustrates how union mobilization in agriculture, tobacco, garment, and other industries became an important vehicle for achieving Mexican American labor and civil rights. He details how interracial unionism proved successful in cross-border alliances, in fighting discriminatory hiring practices, in building local unions, in mobilizing against fascism and in fighting brutal racism. No longer willing to accept their inferior status, a rising Mexican American grassroots movement would utilize direct action to achieve equality.

Américains d'origine mexicaine --- Américains d'origine mexicaine --- Chicanos --- Hispanos --- Mexican Americans --- Labor movement --- Ethnology --- Civil rights --- History --- Employment --- Mouvement ouvrier --- Travail --- Histoire --- Droits

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Mexican Americans --- Chicanos --- Hispanos --- Ethnology --- Government policy. --- Politics and government --- Civil rights --- History --- League of United Latin American Citizens --- Order of Sons of America --- L.U.L.A.C. --- LULAC --- History. --- United States --- Social policy. --- Ethnic relations.

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Backlash against Welfare Mothers is a forceful examination of how and why a state-level revolt against welfare, begun in the late 1940's, was transformed into a national-level assault that destroyed a critical part of the nation's safety net, with tragic consequences for American society. With a wealth of original research, Ellen Reese puts recent debates about the contemporary welfare backlash into historical perspective. She provides a closer look at these early antiwelfare campaigns, showing why they were more successful in some states than others and how opponents of welfare sometimes targeted Puerto Ricans and Chicanos as well as blacks for cutbacks. Her research reveals both the continuities and changes in American welfare opposition from the late 1940's to the present. Reese brings new evidence to light that reveals how large farmers and racist politicians, concerned about the supply of cheap labor, appealed to white voters' racial resentments and stereotypes about unwed mothers, blacks, and immigrants in the 1950's. She then examines congressional failure to replace the current welfare system with a more popular alternative in the 1960's and 1970's, which paved the way for national assaults on welfare. Taking a fresh look at recent debates on welfare reform, she explores how and why politicians competing for the white vote and right-wing think tanks promoting business interests appeased the Christian right and manufactured consent for cutbacks through a powerful, racially coded discourse. Finally, through firsthand testimonies, Reese vividly portrays the tragic consequences of current welfare policies and calls for a bold new agenda for working families.

Single mothers --- Aid to families with dependent children programs. --- Welfare recipients --- Public welfare --- Mothers --- Single parents --- Single women --- ADC programs --- AFDC programs --- Aid to dependent children programs --- Government policy --- Employment --- History. --- United States --- Social policy. --- 1940s. --- 20th century. --- african americans. --- america. --- american society. --- american welfare. --- antiwelfare campaigns. --- black americans. --- chicanos. --- contemporary america. --- demographic studies. --- ethnographers. --- ethnography. --- historical perspective. --- low income families. --- motherhood. --- mothers. --- nonfiction. --- parenting. --- political history. --- politicians. --- puerto ricans. --- racism. --- safety net. --- welfare culture. --- welfare history. --- welfare opposition. --- welfare policies. --- welfare system. --- working class families.

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Mexican Americans --- Mexicans --- Immigrants --- Illegal aliens --- Nationalism --- Américains d'origine mexicaine --- Mexicains --- Immigrants clandestins --- Nationalisme --- Social conditions --- Social conditions. --- Study and teaching. --- Conditions sociales --- Etude et enseignement --- Chicago (Ill.) --- Mexico --- United States --- Mexique --- Etats-Unis --- Race relations. --- Emigration and immigration. --- Relations raciales --- Emigration et immigration --- #SBIB:39A6 --- Mexican American studies --- Aliens --- Aliens, Illegal --- Illegal immigrants --- Illegal immigration --- Undocumented aliens --- Alien detention centers --- Human smuggling --- Emigrants --- Foreign-born population --- Foreign population --- Foreigners --- Migrants --- Persons --- Ethnology --- Chicanos --- Hispanos --- Etniciteit / Migratiebeleid en -problemen --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Emigration and immigration --- Political aspects. --- Américains d'origine mexicaine --- Immigration --- International migration --- Migration, International --- Population geography --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Colonization --- Political aspects --- Study and teaching --- Chikago (Ill.) --- Chikaho (Ill.) --- City of Chicago (Ill.) --- Shiḳago (Ill.) --- Čikago (Ill.) --- شيكاغو (Ill.) --- Shīkāghū (Ill.) --- Çikaqo (Ill.) --- Чыкага (Ill.) --- Chykaha (Ill.) --- Чикаго (Ill.) --- Shikááʼgóó (Ill.) --- Σικάγο (Ill.) --- Sikago (Ill.) --- Kikako (Ill.) --- שיקגו (Ill.) --- Sicagum (Ill.) --- Chicagia (Ill.) --- Chiagum (Ill.) --- Čikāga (Ill.) --- シカゴ (Ill.) --- شکاگو (Ill.) --- Shikāgū (Ill.) --- Kyekago (Ill.) --- Tchicago (Ill.) --- שיקאגא (Ill.) --- Čėkaga (Ill.) --- 芝加哥 (Ill.) --- Zhijiage (Ill.) --- Noncitizens

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Mexican Americans --- Social conditions --- 20th century --- Immigrants --- United States --- Children of immigrants --- Economic conditions --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- History --- Race relations --- Ethnic relations --- #SBIB:314H252 --- #SBIB:316.334.2A342 --- #SBIB:316.8H16 --- Chicanos --- Hispanos --- Ethnology --- Emigrants --- Foreign-born population --- Foreign population --- Foreigners --- Migrants --- Persons --- Aliens --- First generation children --- Immigrants' children --- Second generation children --- Cultural assimilation --- Anthropology --- Socialization --- Acculturation --- Cultural fusion --- Emigration and immigration --- Minorities --- Internationale migratie --- Arbeidssociologie: ongelijkheden op de arbeidsmarkt: migranten op de arbeidsmarkt --- Welzijns- en sociale problemen: migranten, rassenrelaties --- ABŞ --- ABSh --- Ameerika Ühendriigid --- America (Republic) --- Amerika Birlăshmish Shtatlary --- Amerika Birlăşmi Ştatları --- Amerika Birlăşmiş Ştatları --- Amerika ka Kelenyalen Jamanaw --- Amerika Qūrama Shtattary --- Amerika Qŭshma Shtatlari --- Amerika Qushma Shtattary --- Amerika (Republic) --- Amerikai Egyesült Államok --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi︠a︡vks Shtattnė --- Amerikări Pĕrleshu̇llĕ Shtatsem --- Amerikas Forenede Stater --- Amerikayi Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Ameriketako Estatu Batuak --- Amirika Carékat --- AQSh --- Ar. ha-B. --- Arhab --- Artsot ha-Berit --- Artzois Ha'bris --- Bí-kok --- Ē.P.A. --- EE.UU. --- Egyesült Államok --- ĒPA --- Estados Unidos --- Estados Unidos da América do Norte --- Estados Unidos de América --- Estaos Xuníos --- Estaos Xuníos d'América --- Estatos Unitos --- Estatos Unitos d'America --- Estats Units d'Amèrica --- Ètats-Unis d'Amèrica --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- Fareyniḳṭe Shṭaṭn --- Feriene Steaten --- Feriene Steaten fan Amearika --- Forente stater --- FS --- Hēnomenai Politeiai Amerikēs --- Hēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs --- Hiwsisayin Amerikayi Miatsʻeal Tērutʻiwnkʻ --- Istadus Unidus --- Jungtinės Amerikos valstybės --- Mei guo --- Mei-kuo --- Meiguo --- Mî-koet --- Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Miguk --- Na Stàitean Aonaichte --- NSA --- S.U.A. --- SAD --- Saharat ʻAmērikā --- SASht --- Severo-Amerikanskie Shtaty --- Severo-Amerikanskie Soedinennye Shtaty --- Si︠e︡vero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty --- Sjedinjene Američke Države --- Soedinennye Shtaty Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Severnoĭ Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Si︠e︡vernoĭ Ameriki --- Spojené obce severoamerické --- Spojené staty americké --- SShA --- Stadoù-Unanet Amerika --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá --- Stany Zjednoczone --- Stati Uniti --- Stati Uniti d'America --- Stâts Unîts --- Stâts Unîts di Americhe --- Steatyn Unnaneysit --- Steatyn Unnaneysit America --- SUA (Stati Uniti d'America) --- Sŭedineni amerikanski shtati --- Sŭedinenite shtati --- Tetã peteĩ reko Amérikagua --- U.S. --- U.S.A. --- United States of America --- Unol Daleithiau --- Unol Daleithiau America --- Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko --- US --- USA --- Usono --- Vaeinigte Staatn --- Vaeinigte Staatn vo Amerika --- Vereinigte Staaten --- Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika --- Verenigde State van Amerika --- Verenigde Staten --- VS --- VSA --- Wááshindoon Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amirīkīyah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amrīkīyah --- Yhdysvallat --- Yunaeted Stet --- Yunaeted Stet blong Amerika --- ZDA --- Združene države Amerike --- Zʹi︠e︡dnani Derz︠h︡avy Ameryky --- Zjadnośone staty Ameriki --- Zluchanyi︠a︡ Shtaty Ameryki --- Zlucheni Derz︠h︡avy --- ZSA --- Η.Π.Α. --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής --- Америка (Republic) --- Американь Вейтьсэндявкс Штаттнэ --- Америкӑри Пӗрлешӳллӗ Штатсем --- САЩ --- Съединените щати --- Злучаныя Штаты Амерыкі --- ولايات المتحدة --- ولايات المتّحدة الأمريكيّة --- ولايات المتحدة الامريكية --- 미국 --- États-Unis --- É.-U. --- ÉU