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In Bolivia today, the ability to speak an indigenous language is highly valued among educated urbanites as a useful job skill, but a rural person who speaks a native language is branded with lower social status. Likewise, chewing coca in the countryside spells "inferior indian," but in La Paz jazz bars it's decidedly cool. In the Andes and elsewhere, the commodification of indianness has impacted urban lifestyles as people co-opt indigenous cultures for qualities that emphasize the uniqueness of their national culture. This volume looks at how metropolitan ideas of nation employed by politicians, the media and education are produced, reproduced, and contested by people of the rural Andes--people who have long been regarded as ethnically and racially distinct from more culturally European urban citizens. Yet these peripheral "natives" are shown to be actively engaged with the idea of the nation in their own communities, forcing us to re-think the ways in which indigeneity is defined by its marginality. The contributors examine the ways in which numerous identities--racial, generational, ethnic, regional, national, gender, and sexual--are both mutually informing and contradictory among subaltern Andean people who are more likely now to claim an allegiance to a nation than ever before.

Indians of South America --- Indians of South America --- Indians of South America --- Ethnic identity --- Social life and customs

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Drug traffic --- Cocaine industry --- Smuggling --- South America.

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Excavations (Archaeology) --- Indians of South America --- Indians of South America --- Paleoecology --- Antiquities. --- Antiquities.

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Indians of South America --- Tupinamba Indians --- Brazil --- America

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Indian art --- Indian featherwork --- Indians of South America --- Indians of South America --- Indian textile fabrics --- Material culture --- Antiquities --- Peru --- Antiquities.