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This book discusses the progress that is being made through innovations in instrumental measurements of geologic and geochemical systems and their study using modern mathematical modeling. It covers the systems approach to understanding sedimentary rocks and their role in evolution and containment of subsurface fluids. Fundamental aspects of petroleum geology and geochemistry, generation, migration, accumulation, evaluation and production of hydrocarbons are discussed with worldwide examples. Various physical and chemical properties of subsurface waters, crude oils and natural gases

Petroleum --- Natural gas --- Geochemistry. --- Geology. --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Earth sciences --- Geology --- Petroleum geology

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Recent advances have pushed the limits of lithography firmly into the sub-100 nm domain, with smallest feature sizes around 10 nm. However, compared to living organisms, devices fabricated using nanolithography are not nearly as complex, as they are essentially 2D and contain only a limited number of chemical elements. For centuries, Nature has been a major inspiration for science. First of all to learn how Life functions at cellular level, but increasingly, as a blueprint for designing non-natural devices where the building blocks and their assembly are inspired by biological examples. The key tool in translating these examples into the domain of engineering, has been self-assembly or self-organization. This book gathers a spectrum researchers who have not only furthered our knowledge of self-assembly using small molecules, polymers and colloidal particles as building blocks, but who have also shown it to be a practical tool in the assembly of an astonishing variety of devices, ranging from molecular electronics to biosensors.

Nanotechnology. --- Nanostructures. --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Nanoscience --- Physics --- Chemistry, inorganic. --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Geochemistry. --- Inorganic Chemistry. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Earth sciences --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Inorganic chemistry --- Inorganic compounds --- Inorganic chemistry. --- Physical chemistry. --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry

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Thermodynamics deals with energy levels and the transfer of energy between states of matter, and is therefore fundamental to all branches of science. This edition provides a relatively advanced treatment of the subject, specifically tailored for the interests of the Earth sciences. The first four chapters explain all necessary concepts, using a simple graphical approach. Throughout the rest of the book the author emphasizes the use of thermodynamics to construct mathematical simulations of real systems. This helps to make the many abstract concepts acceptable. Many computer programs are mentioned and used throughout the text, especially SUPCRT92, a widely used source of thermodynamic data. An associated website includes links to useful information sites and computer programs and problem sets. Building on the more elementary material in the first edition, this textbook will be ideal for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in geology, geochemistry, geophysics and environmental science.

Thermodynamics --- Geochemistry --- 550.4 --- 536.7 --- 504 --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Earth sciences --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Heat --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Thermodynamics. Energetics --- Environment. Environmental science --- 504 Environment. Environmental science --- 536.7 Thermodynamics. Energetics --- 550.4 Geochemistry --- Thermodynamics - Textbooks --- Geochemistry - Textbooks

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This book is about the most complete work on the subject of clay minerals thus far conceived. Its scope is one of basics to general principles to use in real geologic situations. In principle any student, advanced student or casual researcher, should be able to ?nd an answer to almost any question posed. The breadth of knowledge presented is truly impressive. This presentation is especially important at present when the study of the most abundant minerals found near the Earth’s surface, clays, appears to ?nd disfavour with students and Universities. In fact we have never before needed such an encyclopaedic work to strengthen the discipline. At present when Earth sciences are slowing in popularity, the need for a precise and general education in the study of clay minerals is greater than ever before. Curiously the study of the environment, those materials found in the sphere of biological activity, is more relevant than ever. The natural progress of human activity through the age of science and then industrial activity up to the present stage of the post-industrial era has been marked by an increasing use of the Earth’s surface resources. The steady increase of the human population has called upon the natural resources of the surface in a non-linear manner. In the pre-industrial era agriculture and industry was concerned with the basic subsistence of populations. In good years there was enough to eat and in bad ones not enough.

Clay minerals. --- Clay. --- Aluminum silicates --- Binders (Materials) --- Sediments (Geology) --- Soils --- Minerals, Clay --- Rock-forming minerals --- Silicate minerals --- Geology, economic. --- Mineralogy. --- Geochemistry. --- Geology. --- Sedimentology. --- Agriculture. --- Economic Geology. --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Petrology --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Physical geology --- Crystallography --- Minerals --- Economic geology --- Mines and mineral resources --- Economic geology. --- Geology, Economic.

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Volume 1 provides a broad overview of the chemistry of the solar system. It includes chapters on the origin of the elements and solar system abundances, the solar nebula and planet formation, meteorite classification, the major types of meteorites, important processes in early solar system history, geochemistry of the terrestrial planets, the giant planets and their satellite, comets, and the formation and early differentiation of the Earth. This volume is intended to be the first reference work one would consult to learn about the chemistry of the solar system. Reprinted individual

Geochemistry. --- Geochemistry --- Meteorites --- Comets --- Planets --- Géochimie --- Météorites --- Comètes --- Planètes --- Earth (Planet) --- Terre --- Core. --- Mantle --- Manteau --- Diagenesis. --- Marine sediments. --- Sedimentary rocks. --- Garrels, Robert M. --- Comets. --- Meteorites. --- Planets. --- Rocks, Sedimentary --- Rocks --- Bottom deposits (Oceanography) --- Bottom sediments (Oceanography) --- Deep-sea deposits --- Deposits, Deep-sea --- Marine deposits --- Sediments, Marine --- Ocean bottom --- Sedimentation and deposition --- Submarine geology --- Sediments (Geology) --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Earth sciences --- Sedimentology --- Meteors --- Near-Earth objects --- 550.4 --- 550.4 Geochemistry