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The surprising finding of this book is that, contrary to conventional wisdom, global income inequality is decreasing. Critics of globalization and others maintain that the spread of consumer capitalism is dramatically polarizing the worldwide distribution of income. But as the demographer Glenn Firebaugh carefully shows, income inequality for the world peaked in the late twentieth century and is now heading downward because of declining income inequality across nations. Furthermore, as income inequality declines across nations, it is rising within nations (though not as rapidly as it is declining across nations). Firebaugh claims that this historic transition represents a new geography of global income inequality in the twenty-first century. This book documents the new geography, describes its causes, and explains why other analysts have missed one of the defining features of our era--a transition in inequality that is reducing the importance of where a person is born in determining his or her future well-being.

Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Legal theory and methods. Philosophy of law --- Distributieve rechtvaardigheid --- Distributive justice --- Justice [Distributive ] --- Justice distributive --- Rechtvaardigheid [Distributieve ] --- Rechtvaardigheid [Verdelende ] --- Verdelende rechtvaardigheid --- Distributive justice. --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Justice --- Social justice --- Wealth --- Moral and ethical aspects

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Political ethics --- Pluralism (Social sciences) --- Distributive justice --- Democracy --- International relations --- Self-determination, National --- Moral and ethical aspects --- International relations - Moral and ethical aspects

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Are inequalities of income created by the free market just? In this book Serena Olsaretti examines two main arguments that justify those inequalities: the first claims that they are just because they are deserved, and the second claims that they are just because they are what free individuals are entitled to. Both these arguments purport to show, in different ways, that giving responsible individuals their due requires that free market inequalities in incomes be allowed. Olsaretti argues, however, that neither argument is successful, and shows that when we examine closely the principle of desert and the notions of liberty and choice invoked by defenders of the free market, it appears that a conception of justice that would accommodate these notions, far from supporting free market inequalities, calls for their elimination. Her book will be of interest to a wide range of readers in political philosophy, political theory and normative economics.

#SBIB:316.8H00 --- #SBIB:17H20 --- #SBIB:17H25 --- Sociaal beleid: algemeen --- Sociale wijsbegeerte: algemeen --- Sociale wijsbegeerte: economische orde en arbeid --- Distributive justice. --- Free enterprise --- Income distribution. --- Social aspects. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Distributive justice --- Income distribution --- Distribution of income --- Income inequality --- Inequality of income --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Disposable income --- Justice --- Social justice --- Wealth --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Social aspects --- Arts and Humanities --- Philosophy

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The main features of the just society, as they would be chosen by the unanimous, impartial, and fully informed judgment of its members, present a remarkable and simple meaningful structure. In this society, individuals' freedom is fully respected, and overall redistribution amounts to an equal sharing of individuals' different earnings obtained by the same limited 'equalization labour'. The concept of equalization labour is a measure of the degree of community, solidarity, reciprocity, redistribution, and equalization of the society under consideration. It is determined by a number of methods presented in this 2005 study, which also emphasizes the rationality, meanings, properties, and ways of practical implementation of this optimum distribution. This result is compared with the various distributive principles found in practice and in political, philosophical, and economic thinking, with the conclusion that most have their proper specific scope of application. The analytical presentation of the social ethics of economics is particularly enlightening.

Economics --- Distributive justice --- Income distribution --- Wealth --- Poverty --- Moral and ethical aspects --- 174.5 --- 330.56 --- Affluence --- Distribution of wealth --- Fortunes --- Riches --- Business --- Finance --- Capital --- Money --- Property --- Well-being --- Destitution --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Distribution of income --- Income inequality --- Inequality of income --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Disposable income --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Justice --- Social justice --- 330.56 Nationaal inkomen. Volksinkomen. Gezinsinkomen. Vermogensstratificatie. Particuliere inkomens en bestedingen. Armoede. Honger --- Nationaal inkomen. Volksinkomen. Gezinsinkomen. Vermogensstratificatie. Particuliere inkomens en bestedingen. Armoede. Honger --- 174.5 Economische ethiek. Speculatie --- Economische ethiek. Speculatie --- Distributive justice. --- Income distribution. --- Poverty. --- Wealth. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Business, Economy and Management --- Economics - Moral and ethical aspects --- ECONOMIE --- JUSTICE DISTRIBUTIVE --- DISTRIBUTION DES REVENUS --- PHILOSOPHIE POLITIQUE --- POLITIQUE FISCALE --- RICHESSE --- PAUVRETE --- ASPECTS MORAL ET ETHIQUE