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This Selected Issues paper and Statistical Appendix for Netherlands Antilles examines the economic growth in Small Island Economies. The paper finds that the Small Island Economies as a group grew faster than the rest of the world during 1960–85. The paper analyzes whether Small Island Economies respond to the same set of growth determinants as other economies, and concludes that growth is determined by the same factors and macroeconomic policy choices. The paper presents possible economic challenges that Small Island Economies might face owing to their size.

Labor --- Macroeconomics --- Women''s Studies' --- Education: General --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Health: General --- Human Capital --- Skills --- Occupational Choice --- Labor Productivity --- Economics of Gender --- Non-labor Discrimination --- Education --- Health economics --- Labour --- income economics --- Gender studies --- women & girls --- Income --- Health --- Human capital --- Women --- National accounts --- Gender --- Netherlands, The --- Income economics --- Women & girls --- Women's Studies

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This study assesses the economic implications of China's changing population in the 21st century using a numerical general equilibrium model. The simulations show that lower fertility rates yield lower saving rates. Since lower fertility rates reduce the future supply of labor, capital will become less productive. Consequently, if international capital mobility is high in China, a low fertility rate implies more future capital outflows. But if capital is less mobile, low fertility today lowers the domestic return to capital and raises the domestic return to labor. In addition, the paper finds no significant link between demographic structures and per capita income growth.

Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Demography --- Women''s Studies' --- Investment --- Capital --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications --- Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts --- Demographic Economics: General --- Economics of the Elderly --- Economics of the Handicapped --- Non-labor Market Discrimination --- Labor Economics: General --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Economics of Gender --- Non-labor Discrimination --- Population & demography --- Labour --- income economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Gender studies --- women & girls --- Population and demographics --- Aging --- Labor --- Public expenditure review --- Women --- Expenditure --- Gender --- Population --- Population aging --- Labor economics --- Expenditures, Public --- China, People's Republic of --- Income economics --- Women & girls --- Women's Studies

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Statistics indicate that the economic and social development of women in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) compares unfavorably with most regions in the world. This paper assesses the influence of government expenditure and taxation policies on the economic and social welfare of women in the region. On the expenditure side, we test the explanatory power of public social spending in the determination of key female social indicators. We find that the relatively weak social outcomes for MENA women are not explained by the amount of government social spending, suggesting the answer lies in the efficiency and reach of present spending. With respect to taxation, the main issues in the literature on gender bias in taxation are highlighted and applied in a general manner to the MENA context. Some simple policy recommendations are suggested.

Women --- Taxation --- Fiscal policy --- Economic conditions. --- Social conditions. --- Middle East --- Africa, North --- Social policy. --- Tax policy --- Duties --- Fee system (Taxation) --- Tax reform --- Taxation, Incidence of --- Taxes --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Government policy --- Barbary States --- Maghreb --- Maghrib --- North Africa --- Asia, South West --- Asia, Southwest --- Asia, Western --- East (Middle East) --- Eastern Mediterranean --- Fertile Crescent --- Levant --- Mediterranean Region, Eastern --- Mideast --- Near East --- Northern Tier (Middle East) --- South West Asia --- Southwest Asia --- Economic policy --- Finance, Public --- Revenue --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Asia, West --- West Asia --- Western Asia --- Orient --- Public Finance --- Women''s Studies' --- Economics of Gender --- Non-labor Discrimination --- Education: General --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Health: General --- National Government Expenditures and Health --- Gender studies --- women & girls --- Public finance & taxation --- Education --- Health economics --- Expenditure --- Health --- Health care spending --- Gender --- Expenditures, Public --- United States --- Women & girls --- Women's Studies