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This annual report presents comprehensive statistics on the gross external debt of 171 developing countries and  countries in transition.  The 2003 edition has been enhanced with additional series providing more detailed breakdowns of categories of debt and time series data going back to end 1998. These figures are compiled by the  OECD, largely on the basis of creditor sources.  All figures are shown in US dollars. The External Debt Statistics database is included in OECD's  International Development Statistics CD-ROM, and is available on line via www.SourceOECD.org  

Public debt --- International finance --- Developing countries

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'Dalton has succeeded in expressing general economic concepts in simple language' The Economist.

The 1971 edition of this famous textbook includes recent material to the general survey on the theory of taxation, other forms of public revenue, public expenditure and public debts. There are chapters on modern theories of budgetary policy and the controversial cheap money policy, pursued by the author when he was in charge of the British Treasury from 1945-1947.

Debts, Public. --- Finance, Public. --- Cameralistics --- Public finance --- Debts, Government --- Government debts --- National debts --- Public debt --- Public debts --- Sovereign debt --- Currency question --- Debt --- Bonds --- Deficit financing --- Public finances

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To monitor fiscal sustainability, this paper proposes a recursive algorithm derived from the law of motion of the debt-to-GDP ratio, subject to a government reaction function that links convergence to the targeted debt ratio with primary fiscal surpluses. Based on quarterly estimates of this algorithm in the 1990s, 12 developed and developing countries are ranked according to their degree of sustainability. For a number of countries, the paper finds evidence of causality between the fiscal policy stance and growth-adjusted real interest rates.

Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Fiscal Policy --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Public finance & taxation --- Fiscal sustainability --- Expenditure --- Fiscal stance --- Fiscal policy --- Public debt --- Expenditures, Public --- Debts, Public --- United States

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Debts, Public --- Fiscal policy --- 339.52 --- 331.31 --- 333.80 --- 336.401 --- 336.61 --- AA / International- internationaal --- Debts, Government --- Government debts --- National debts --- Public debt --- Public debts --- Sovereign debt --- Debt --- Bonds --- Deficit financing --- Tax policy --- Taxation --- Economic policy --- Finance, Public --- Economisch beleid --- Geld-, bank- en kredietpolitiek. Kapitaalmarkt en -rente: algemeenheden --- Verband tussen begrotingspolitiek en economische evolutie --- Financieel beleid --- Government policy

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The fiscal position of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) has deteriorated significantly in recent years, resulting in sharp increases in public debt. The sustainability of public debt is examined using the public sector budget constraint to derive the maximum public-debt-to-GDP ratio that can be sustained based on a country's projected steady-state primary balance, interest rate on public debt, and economic growth rate. In this context, government deficits and debt in several ECCU member countries appear unsustainable, posing a risk to the stability of the currency union. A critical issue facing member countries is to implement fiscal policies consistent with sustainable public finances and debt to underpin the currency union.

Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Policy Objectives --- Policy Designs and Consistency --- Policy Coordination --- Fiscal Policy --- Studies of Particular Policy Episodes --- National Deficit Surplus --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Financial Aspects of Economic Integration --- Public finance & taxation --- International economics --- Public debt --- Fiscal stance --- Fiscal policy --- Monetary unions --- Government debt management --- Economic integration --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Debts, Public --- Antigua and Barbuda