Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Small invisible particles in the urban air, especially those produced by human activities, have recently stimulated intense scrutiny, debate, regulation, and legal proceedings. The stakes are high, both with respect to health impacts and economic costs, and the methods used previously to resolve similar issues are no longer adequate. Everyone on earth inhales thousands to millions of particles in each breath, so if urban particulate air pollution—particulate matter (PM)—is significantly hazardous, the negative impact on health could be staggering. Yet the activities that generate PM, such as farming, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and generating electricity, are themselves essential to human health and welfare. Scientists, regulators, legislators, activists, judges, lawyers, journalists, and representatives of the business community are actively involved in addressing the question of what should be done. This complex issue presents opportunities for critically assessing the relevant knowledge and for adopting more rigorous approaches to this and similar problems. What is the PM controversy, and why is it a good case study for how science and public policy might better interface? The PM controversy is the sum of the frequently heated debates related to the potential health risks from urban PM.

Environment. --- Public health. --- Epidemiology. --- Ecotoxicology. --- Air pollution. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Public Health. --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Pollution --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Ecotoxicology --- Pollutants --- Environmental health --- Toxicology --- Diseases --- Public health --- Community health --- Health services --- Hygiene, Public --- Hygiene, Social --- Public health services --- Public hygiene --- Social hygiene --- Health --- Human services --- Biosecurity --- Health literacy --- Medicine, Preventive --- National health services --- Sanitation --- Control --- Particles --- Environmental aspects.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Halogenated organic compounds constitute one of the largest groups of environmental chemicals. The industrial production of new halogenated organic compounds has increased throughout the last century peaking in the 1960s, and continuing in widespread use today. Organohalides are integral to a variety of industrial applications, including use as solvents, degreasing agents, biocides, pharmaceuticals, plasticizers, hydraulic and heat transfer fluids, and intermediates for chemical synthesis, to name a few. It is important to recognize the beneficial aspects of halogenated organic compounds, as well as their potentially deleterious impact on the environment and health. Recognition of the adverse environmental effects of many types of organohalide compounds has led to efforts to reduce or eliminate the most problematic ones. Although organohalide compounds are typically considered to be anthropogenic industrial compounds, they have their counterpart in several thousands of natural biogenic and geogenic organohalides, representing most classes of organic chemicals. Natural sources account for a significant portion of the global organohalogen budget. This volume authored by recognized experts in the field provides a current perspective on how both natural and synthetic organohalides are formed and degraded, and how these processes are incorporated into a global halogen cycle. The focus is on microbial processes, since these play a major role both in the production and degradation, i. e. , cycling of halogenated organic compounds in the environment. This book is organized into five parts. Part I, Introduction, provides a global perspective on the issues of organohalides and their fate in the environment.

Environment. --- Biochemistry. --- Ecotoxicology. --- Environmental engineering. --- Biotechnology. --- Air pollution. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Environment, general. --- 579.6 --- 579.6 Applied microbiology --- Applied microbiology --- Halophilic microorganisms --- Organohalogen compounds --- Halogen organic compounds --- Halogenated organic compounds --- Halogen compounds --- Organic compounds --- Micro-organisms, Halophilic --- Halophilic organisms --- Microorganisms --- Environmental aspects --- Metabolic detoxification --- Metabolism --- Ecotoxicology --- Pollutants --- Pollution --- Environmental health --- Toxicology --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Environmental control --- Environmental effects --- Environmental stresses --- Engineering --- Environmental protection --- Sustainable engineering --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Composition --- Control --- Halophilic microorganisms. --- Environmental aspects. --- Metabolic detoxification. --- Metabolism.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The time has come for an MTBE Remediation Handbook. There are hundreds of thousands of spills of gasoline containing MTBE in the United States. More than a billion dollars are spent each year to clean up spills of gasoline and manage the risk from existing contamination. Staff of the appropriate regula­ tory authorities within each state must make decisions to manage these spills on a site-by-site basis. Do they require active cleanup? How much cleanup is necessary? What is the most appropriate technology? What performance should be expected from the available technology? If the state regulators pro­ vide good answers to these questions on a site-by-site basis, the money will be well spent. This handbook is concerned with remediation of MTBE in existing spills. There are a number of myths about MTBE that act as impediments to effec­ tive remediation and risk management for MTBE. These myths present MTBE as being qualitatively different from petroleum hydrocarbons. Many still think that benzene is biodegradable in ground water while MTBE is not, that risk management is appropriate for benzene and not appropriate for MTBE, and that drinking water can be treated to remove benzene but not to remove MTBE. These myths have made us reluctant to deal with existing MTBE contamination. As is documented in this MTBE Remediation Handbook, we have the technology to clean up MTBE in a rational and economic man­ ner.

Butyl methyl ether --- Gasoline --- Groundwater --- Environmental aspects. --- Additives --- Purification. --- mtbe (methyl tertiary-butyl ether) --- grondwatervervuiling --- grondwaterzuiveringsinstallatie --- oppervlaktewater --- risico-evaluatie --- bioremediatie --- in situ techniek --- bodemsanering --- fytoremediëring --- fysische waterbehandeling --- bioreactor --- (zie ook: reiniging grond) --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Environmental Engineering --- Environmental aspects --- Purification --- Gas (Gasoline) --- Petrol --- Liquid fuels --- Petroleum products --- Butane, Methoxy --- Methoxy butane --- Methyl-tert-butyl ether --- Methyl tertiary butyl ether --- MTBE (Chemical) --- MTBT (Chemical) --- Ether --- Additives&delete& --- Air pollution. --- Environmental engineering. --- Biotechnology. --- Ecotoxicology. --- Geochemistry. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Earth sciences --- Ecotoxicology --- Pollutants --- Pollution --- Environmental health --- Toxicology --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Environmental control --- Environmental effects --- Environmental stresses --- Engineering --- Environmental protection --- Sustainable engineering --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Control

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Chittaranjan Ray, Ph. D. , P. E. University of Hawaii at Mãnoa Honolulu, Hawaii, United States Jürgen Schubert, M. Sc. Stadtwerke Düsseldorf AG Düsseldorf, Germany Ronald B. Linsky National Water Research Institute Fountain Valley, California, United States Gina Melin National Water Research Institute Fountain Valley, California, United States 1. What is Riverbank Filtration? The purpose ofthis book is to show that riverbank filtration (RBF) isa low-cost and efficient alternative water treatment for drinking-water applications. There are two immediate benefits to the increased use of RBF: Minimized need for adding chemicals like disinfectants and coagulants to surface water to control pathogens. Decreased costs to the community without increased risk to human health. Butwhat,exactly, isRBF? In humid regions, river water naturally percolates through the ground into aquifers (which are layers of sand and gravel that contain water underground) during high-flow conditions. In arid regions, most rivers lose flow, and the percolating water passes through soil and aquifer material until it reaches the water table. During these percolation processes, potential contaminants present in river water are filtered and attenuated. If there are no other contaminants present in the aquifer or ifthe respective contaminants are present at lower concentrations, the quality of water in the aquifer can be ofhigher quality than that found in theriver. In RBF, production wells — which are placed near the banks ofrivers —pump large quantities ofwater.

Environment. --- Geochemistry. --- Hydrogeology. --- Air pollution. --- Water pollution. --- Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Water --- Purification --- Riverbank filtration. --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Geohydrology --- Geology --- Hydrology --- Groundwater --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Earth sciences --- Riverbank filtration --- Riverbank infiltration --- Control --- Filtration --- Pollution.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

After years of technological development and its important achievements to make our life easier and more comfortable, human society is going to face one of the most difficult challenges of the last century: to stabilize the concentra­ tion levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere to prevent harmful effects on the climate system. Through a delicate balance between photosynthesis and respiration, terres­ trial ecosystems, and in particular forests, are today thought to take up a sig­ nificant part of the carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere, sometimes called the "terrestrial carbon sink". However, the location, magnitude, and vulnerability of the carbon dioxide sink of the terrestrial biota are still uncer­ tain. The suite of traditional tools in an ecologist's toolbox for studying ecosys­ tem productivity and carbon balance include leaf cuvettes, whole-plant and soil chambers for gas exchange, and biomass and soil carbon inventories. While each of the cited methods has distinct advantages, they are limited with regards to their ability to measure net carbon dioxide exchange of the whole ecosystem across a variety of time scales. This book present a compendium of results of a European project (EURO­ FLUX), funded by the European Commission through its fourth framework program, aiming to elucidate the role of forests in continental carbon balance.

Plant ecology. Plant sociology --- Geochemistry --- Forestry --- Europe --- forests --- Dioxyde de carbone --- carbon dioxide --- water --- Rayonnement thermique --- Thermal radiation --- Cycle biogéochimique --- cycling --- Relation source puits --- Source sink relations --- Modèle dynamique --- Dynamic models --- Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry) --- -630*18 --- Forest ecology --- -Forests and forestry --- Ecology --- Global carbon cycle --- Biogeochemical cycles --- Plant ecology --- Environmental Sciences and Forestry. Forestry --- Forest Ecology --- Forest Ecology. --- -Plant ecology --- 630*18 Plant ecology --- -630*18 Plant ecology --- Forests and forestry --- 630*18 --- Forest ecosystems --- Forestry. --- Ecology . --- Geoecology. --- Environmental geology. --- Air pollution. --- Nature conservation. --- Climate change. --- Terrestial Ecology. --- Geoecology/Natural Processes. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Nature Conservation. --- Climate Change. --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic changes --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Conservation of nature --- Nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Conservation of natural resources --- Applied ecology --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Natural areas --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Pollution --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Geoecology --- Environmental protection --- Physical geology --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Forest land --- Forest lands --- Forest planting --- Forest production --- Forest sciences --- Forestation --- Forested lands --- Forestland --- Forestlands --- Forestry industry --- Forestry sciences --- Land, Forest --- Lands, Forest --- Silviculture --- Sylviculture --- Woodlands --- Woods (Forests) --- Agriculture --- Natural resources --- Afforestation --- Arboriculture --- Logging --- Timber --- Tree crops --- Trees --- Environmental aspects --- Conservation --- Control --- Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry) - Europe --- Forest ecology - Europe