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Halogenated organic compounds constitute one of the largest groups of environmental chemicals. The industrial production of new halogenated organic compounds has increased throughout the last century peaking in the 1960s, and continuing in widespread use today. Organohalides are integral to a variety of industrial applications, including use as solvents, degreasing agents, biocides, pharmaceuticals, plasticizers, hydraulic and heat transfer fluids, and intermediates for chemical synthesis, to name a few. It is important to recognize the beneficial aspects of halogenated organic compounds, as well as their potentially deleterious impact on the environment and health. Recognition of the adverse environmental effects of many types of organohalide compounds has led to efforts to reduce or eliminate the most problematic ones. Although organohalide compounds are typically considered to be anthropogenic industrial compounds, they have their counterpart in several thousands of natural biogenic and geogenic organohalides, representing most classes of organic chemicals. Natural sources account for a significant portion of the global organohalogen budget. This volume authored by recognized experts in the field provides a current perspective on how both natural and synthetic organohalides are formed and degraded, and how these processes are incorporated into a global halogen cycle. The focus is on microbial processes, since these play a major role both in the production and degradation, i. e. , cycling of halogenated organic compounds in the environment. This book is organized into five parts. Part I, Introduction, provides a global perspective on the issues of organohalides and their fate in the environment.

Environment. --- Biochemistry. --- Ecotoxicology. --- Environmental engineering. --- Biotechnology. --- Air pollution. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Environment, general. --- 579.6 --- 579.6 Applied microbiology --- Applied microbiology --- Halophilic microorganisms --- Organohalogen compounds --- Halogen organic compounds --- Halogenated organic compounds --- Halogen compounds --- Organic compounds --- Micro-organisms, Halophilic --- Halophilic organisms --- Microorganisms --- Environmental aspects --- Metabolic detoxification --- Metabolism --- Ecotoxicology --- Pollutants --- Pollution --- Environmental health --- Toxicology --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Environmental control --- Environmental effects --- Environmental stresses --- Engineering --- Environmental protection --- Sustainable engineering --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Composition --- Control --- Halophilic microorganisms. --- Environmental aspects. --- Metabolic detoxification. --- Metabolism.