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Tomaz Mastnak's provocative analysis of the roots of peacemaking in the Western world elucidates struggles for peace that took place in the high and late Middle Ages. Mastnak traces the ways that eleventh-century peace movements, seeking to end violence among Christians, shaped not only power structures within Christendom but also the relationship of the Western Christian world to the world outside. The unification of Christian society under the banner of "holy peace" precipitated a fundamental division between the Christian and non-Christian worlds, and the postulated peace among Christians led to holy war against non-Christians.

Crusades. --- Peace --- Just war doctrine --- Monarchy --- Kingdom (Monarchy) --- Executive power --- Political science --- Royalists --- Jus ad bellum --- War --- War (Philosophy) --- Coexistence, Peaceful --- Peaceful coexistence --- International relations --- Disarmament --- Peace-building --- Security, International --- Church history --- Middle Ages --- Chivalry --- Religious aspects --- Christianity --- History of doctrines --- History --- Islam. --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Europe --- bernard of clairvaux. --- bishops. --- blanquerna. --- boniface. --- cardini. --- carolingian. --- christendom. --- christian sects. --- christianity. --- church doctrine. --- church history. --- crusades. --- diplomacy. --- empire. --- europe. --- holy crusade. --- holy peace. --- holy war. --- imperialism. --- islam. --- just war. --- medieval. --- middle ages. --- middle east. --- monarchy. --- monks. --- muslim world. --- pagans. --- papal monarchy. --- peace. --- peacemaking. --- peter the venerable. --- philip iv. --- religion. --- religious violence. --- religious war. --- roger bacon. --- spirituality. --- st francis of assisi. --- thomas aquinas. --- war. --- warrior monks. --- will of god.