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Implicit definition and description of geometric objects and surfaces plays a critical role in the appearance and manipulation of computer graphics. In addition, the mathematical definition of shapes, using an implicit form, has pivotal applications for geometric modeling, visualization and animation. Until recently, the parametric form has been by far the most popular geometric representation used in computer graphics and computer-aided design. Whereas parametric objects and the techniques associated with them have been exhaustively developed, the implicit form has been used as a complementary geometric representation, mainly in the restricted context of specific applications. However, recent developments in graphics are changing this situation, and the community is beginning to draw its attention to implicit objects. This is reflected in the current research of aspects related to this subject. Employing a coherent conceptual framework, Implicit Objects in Computer Graphics addresses the role of implicitly defined objects in the following parts: mathematical foundations of geometric models, implicit formulations for the specification of shapes, implicit primitives, techniques for constructing and manipulating implicit objects, modeling, rendering and animating implicit objects.

Computer graphics. --- Infographie --- Computer science. --- Computer vision. --- Optical pattern recognition. --- Computer graphics --- Technology - General --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Image processing --- Digital techniques. --- Image processing. --- Pattern recognition. --- Application software. --- Computer Science. --- Computer Applications. --- Computer Graphics. --- Image Processing and Computer Vision. --- Pattern Recognition. --- Optical data processing. --- Design perception --- Pattern recognition --- Form perception --- Perception --- Figure-ground perception --- Optical computing --- Visual data processing --- Bionics --- Electronic data processing --- Integrated optics --- Photonics --- Computers --- Automatic drafting --- Graphic data processing --- Graphics, Computer --- Computer art --- Graphic arts --- Engineering graphics --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Optical equipment --- Digital techniques

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Premiering in 1990 in Antibes, France, the European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV, has been held biennially at venues all around Europe. These conferences have been very successful, making ECCV a major event to the computer vision community. ECCV 2002 was the seventh in the series. The privilege of organizing it was shared by three universities: The IT University of Copenhagen, the University of Copenhagen, and Lund University, with the conference venue in Copenhagen. These universities lie ¨ geographically close in the vivid Oresund region, which lies partly in Denmark and partly in Sweden, with the newly built bridge (opened summer 2000) crossing the sound that formerly divided the countries. We are very happy to report that this year’s conference attracted more papers than ever before, with around 600 submissions. Still, together with the conference board, we decided to keep the tradition of holding ECCV as a single track conference. Each paper was anonymously refereed by three different reviewers. For the nal selection, for the rst time for ECCV, a system with area chairs was used. These met with the program chairsinLundfortwodaysinFebruary2002toselectwhatbecame45oralpresentations and 181 posters.Also at this meeting the selection was made without knowledge of the authors’identity.

Conferences - Meetings --- Computer science. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Computer graphics. --- Image processing. --- Pattern recognition. --- Computer Science. --- Image Processing and Computer Vision. --- Computer Graphics. --- Pattern Recognition. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Computer vision --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Design perception --- Pattern recognition --- Automatic drafting --- Graphic data processing --- Graphics, Computer --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Informatics --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Form perception --- Perception --- Figure-ground perception --- Computer art --- Graphic arts --- Electronic data processing --- Engineering graphics --- Image processing --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Science --- Digital techniques --- Computer vision. --- Optical pattern recognition. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Pattern perception --- Perceptrons --- Visual discrimination --- Machine vision --- Vision, Computer --- Artificial intelligence --- Pattern recognition systems --- Optical data processing. --- Optical computing --- Visual data processing --- Integrated optics --- Photonics --- Computers --- Optical equipment

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It is our great pleasure to welcome you all to the 2002 AFSS International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (AFSS 2002) to be held in Calcutta, the great City of Joy. AFSS 2002 is the ?fth conference in the series initiated by the Asian Fuzzy Systems Society (AFSS). AFSS 2002 is jointly being organized by theIndianStatisticalInstitute(ISI)andJadavpurUniversity(JU). Likeprevious conferencesinthisseries,wearesure,AFSS2002willprovideaforumforfruitful interaction and exchange of ideas between the participants from all over the globe. The present conference covers all major facets of soft computing such as fuzzy logic, neural networks, genetic algorithms including both theories and applications. Wehopethismeetingwillbeenjoyableacademicallyandotherwise. We are thankful to the members of the International Program Committee and the Area Chairs for extending their support in various forms to make a strong technical program. Each submitted paper was reviewed by at least three referees, and in some cases the revised versions were again checked by the ref- ees. As a result of this tough screening process we could select only about 50% of the submitted papers. We again express our sincere thanks to all referees for doing a great job. We are happy to note that 19 di?erent countries from all over the globe are represented by the authors, thereby making it a truly inter- tional conference. We are proud to have a list of distinguished speakers including Profs. Z. Pawlak, J. Bezdek, D. Dubois, and T. Yamakawa.

Soft computing --- Neural networks (Computer science) --- Fuzzy systems --- Computer Science --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Engineering. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Image processing. --- Pattern recognition. --- Robotics. --- Automation. --- Robotics and Automation. --- Image Processing and Computer Vision. --- Pattern Recognition. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Computer vision. --- Optical pattern recognition. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Optical data processing --- Pattern perception --- Perceptrons --- Visual discrimination --- Machine vision --- Vision, Computer --- Artificial intelligence --- Image processing --- Pattern recognition systems --- Optical data processing. --- Design perception --- Pattern recognition --- Form perception --- Perception --- Figure-ground perception --- Optical computing --- Visual data processing --- Integrated optics --- Photonics --- Computers --- Automatic factories --- Automatic production --- Computer control --- Engineering cybernetics --- Factories --- Industrial engineering --- Mechanization --- Assembly-line methods --- Automatic control --- Automatic machinery --- CAD/CAM systems --- Robotics --- Automation --- Optical equipment

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Computer graphics --- Computer animation --- Technology - General --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Computer science. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Computer simulation. --- Computer graphics. --- Image processing. --- Pattern recognition. --- Computer Science. --- Simulation and Modeling. --- Image Processing and Computer Vision. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Computer Graphics. --- Pattern Recognition. --- Computer vision. --- Optical pattern recognition. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Optical data processing --- Pattern perception --- Perceptrons --- Visual discrimination --- Automatic drafting --- Graphic data processing --- Graphics, Computer --- Computer art --- Graphic arts --- Electronic data processing --- Engineering graphics --- Image processing --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Machine vision --- Vision, Computer --- Artificial intelligence --- Pattern recognition systems --- Computer modeling --- Computer models --- Modeling, Computer --- Models, Computer --- Simulation, Computer --- Electromechanical analogies --- Mathematical models --- Model-integrated computing --- Digital techniques --- Optical data processing. --- Optical computing --- Visual data processing --- Integrated optics --- Photonics --- Computers --- Design perception --- Pattern recognition --- Form perception --- Perception --- Figure-ground perception --- Optical equipment

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This volume contains the papers selected for presentation at the Third Inter- tional Conference on Rough Sets and Current Trends in Computing (RSCTC 2002) held at Penn State Great Valley, Malvern, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., 14–16 October 2002. Rough set theoryand its applications constitute a branch of soft computing that has exhibited a signi?cant growth rate during recent years. RSCTC 2002 provided a forum for exchanging ideas among manyresearchers in the rough set communityand in various areas of soft computing and served as a stimulus for mutual understanding and cooperation. In recent years, there have been a number of advances in rough set theoryand applications. Hence, we have witnessed a growing number of international workshops on rough sets and their applications. In addition, it should be observed that one of the beauties of rough sets and the rough set philosophyis that it tends to complement and reinforce research in manytraditional research areas and applications. This is the main reason that manyinternational conferences are now including rough sets into the list of topics.

Electronic data processing --- Rough sets --- Computer Science --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Rough set theory --- Theory of rough sets --- Computer science. --- Software engineering. --- Computers. --- Mathematical logic. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Pattern recognition. --- Computer Science. --- Theory of Computation. --- Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages. --- Computation by Abstract Devices. --- Pattern Recognition. --- Design perception --- Pattern recognition --- Form perception --- Perception --- Figure-ground perception --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Cybernetics --- Calculators --- Cyberspace --- Computer software engineering --- Engineering --- Informatics --- Science --- Information theory. --- Optical pattern recognition. --- Artificial Intelligence.