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Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biology - General

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A comprehensive overview of Earth's biosphere, written with scientific rigor and essay-like flair.In his latest book, Vaclav Smil tells the story of the Earth's biosphere from its origins to its near and long-term future. He explains the workings of its parts and what is known about their interactions. With essay-like flair, he examines the biosphere's physics, chemistry, biology, geology, oceanography, energy, climatology, and ecology, as well as the changes caused by human activity. He provides both the basics of the story and surprising asides illustrating critical but often neglected aspects of biospheric complexity.Smil begins with a history of the modern idea of the biosphere, focusing on the development of the concept by Russian scientist Vladimir Vernadsky. He explores the probability of life elsewhere in the universe, life's evolution and metabolism, and the biosphere's extent, mass, productivity, and grand-scale organization. Smil offers fresh approaches to such well-known phenomena as solar radiation and plate tectonics and introduces lesser-known topics such as the quarter-power scaling of animal and plant metabolism across body sizes and metabolic pathways. He also examines two sets of fundamental relationships that have profoundly influenced the evolution of life and the persistence of the biosphere: symbiosis and the role of life's complexity as a determinant of biomass productivity and resilience. And he voices concern about the future course of human-caused global environmental change, which could compromise the biosphere's integrity and threaten the survival of modern civilization.

Biosphere. --- Biosphere --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biology - General --- Life (Biology) --- Planets --- Gaia hypothesis --- Geobiology --- PHYSICAL SCIENCES/General --- ENVIRONMENT/General

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SCIENCE --- Cosmology --- Life --- Life on other planets --- Space biology --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biology - General --- Origin --- Life on other planets. --- Space biology. --- Origin. --- Extraterrestrial life --- Abiogenesis --- Biogenesis --- Germ theory --- Heterogenesis --- Life, Origin of --- Life (Biology) --- Origin of life --- Plasmogeny --- Plasmogony --- Bioastronautics --- Cosmobiology --- Planets --- Fermi's paradox --- Evolution (Biology) --- Exobiology --- Spontaneous generation --- Space sciences

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Histology. Cytology --- Molecular biology --- Cells --- Cytology --- Cytologie --- Biologie moléculaire --- Molecular Biology --- Cytology. --- Molecular biology. --- Cells. --- Molecular Biology. --- Anatomy --- Biochemistry --- Genetics --- Biology --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Chemistry --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Cellule --- cells --- 576 --- 577.2 --- celbiologie --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cytologists --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Biochemical Genetics --- Biology, Molecular --- Genetics, Biochemical --- Genetics, Molecular --- Molecular Genetics --- Biochemical Genetic --- Genetic, Biochemical --- Genetic, Molecular --- Molecular Genetic --- Cell --- Cell Biology --- Cellular and subcellular biology. Cytology --- Molecular bases of life. Molecular biology --- Basic Sciences. Molecular Biology --- Molecular Biology (General) --- Genetic Phenomena --- Molecular Biology (General). --- 577.2 Molecular bases of life. Molecular biology --- 576 Cellular and subcellular biology. Cytology --- Basic Sciences Molecular Biology --- Biologie moléculaire --- Natural Sciences --- Physical Sciences --- Discipline, Natural Science --- Disciplines, Natural Science --- Natural Science --- Natural Science Discipline --- Physical Science --- Science, Natural --- Science, Physical --- Sciences, Natural --- Sciences, Physical --- Biologic Sciences --- Biological Science --- Science, Biological --- Sciences, Biological --- Biological Sciences --- Life Sciences --- Biologic Science --- Biological Science Discipline --- Discipline, Biological Science --- Disciplines, Biological Science --- Life Science --- Science Discipline, Biological --- Science Disciplines, Biological --- Science, Biologic --- Science, Life --- Sciences, Biologic --- Sciences, Life --- Anatomies --- Genetic Structures --- Cell Cycle. --- Cell Physiological Phenomena. --- Cell Physiological Phenomena --- Cellular structures

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Science is a way of looking, reverencing. And the purpose of all science, like living, which amounts to the same thing, is not the ac­ cumulation of gnostic power, the fixing of formulas for the name of God, the stockpiling of brutal efficiency, accomplishing the sadistic myth of progress. The purpose of science is to revive and cultivate a perpetual state of wonder. For nothing deserves wonder so much as our capacity to experience it. Roald Hoffman and Shira Leibowitz Schmidt, in Old Wine, New Flasks: Re. flections on Science and Jewish Tradition (W. H. Freeman, 1997). Challenges in Teaching Molecular Modeling This textbook evolved from a graduate course termed Molecular Modeling intro­ duced in the fall of 1996 at New York University. The primary goal of the course is to stimulate excitement for molecular modeling research - much in the spirit of Hoffman and Leibowitz Schmidt above - while providing grounding in the discipline. Such knowledge is valuable for research dealing with many practical problems in both the acadernic and industrial sectors, from developing treatments for AIDS (via inhibitors to the protease enzyme of the human imrnunodeficiency virus, HIV-1) to designing potatoes that yie1d spot-free potato chips (via trans­ genic potatoes with altered carbohydrate metabolism). In the course of writing xii Preface this text, the notes have expanded to function also as an introduction to the field for scientists in other disciplines by providing a global perspective into problems and approaches, rather than a comprehensive survey.

Biomolecules --- Biomolécules --- Models. --- Models --- Computer simulation. --- Modèles --- Simulation par ordinateur --- Computer simulation --- 539.2 --- Properties and structure of molecular systems --- Biomolecules -- Models -- Computer simulation. --- Biomolecules -- Models. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Models, Molecular --- Computer Simulation --- Models, Theoretical --- Computing Methodologies --- Information Science --- Investigative Techniques --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biochemistry --- Biology - General --- 539.2 Properties and structure of molecular systems --- Biomolécules --- Modèles --- Biological molecules --- Molecules --- Molecular biology --- Models&delete& --- Biochemistry. --- Biochemical engineering. --- Biomathematics. --- Biophysics. --- Biological physics. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biochemical Engineering. --- Simulation and Modeling. --- Mathematical and Computational Biology. --- Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics. --- Biological physics --- Medical sciences --- Physics --- Mathematics --- Computer modeling --- Computer models --- Modeling, Computer --- Models, Computer --- Simulation, Computer --- Electromechanical analogies --- Mathematical models --- Simulation methods --- Model-integrated computing --- Bio-process engineering --- Bioprocess engineering --- Biotechnology --- Chemical engineering --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Composition --- Biomolecules - Models --- Biomolecules - Models - Computer simulation